Social Discrimination and the Path to Gender Equality

What is Social Discrimination?

Social exclusion is a situation that is consolidated and reproduced by various means. However, there is a mechanism that generates social exclusion that is unacceptable to any egalitarian society. Discriminating against a person or group means reducing or denying their opportunities or even their rights based on characteristics such as origin, race, sex, age, disability, sexual orientation, social class, or other factors.

Types of Discrimination: Declared and Covert

Discrimination

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Core Concepts: Legal Philosophy, Logic, and Metaphysics

Method Definition?

It is a rule or a guide to continue with the intention of achieving any purpose or procedure.

What are the Two Goals of Method?

The two goals are:

  1. Order.
  2. Ensure steps to reach an end.

Legal Concept of Methodology?

It is the science that studies the stages or rules for the study of law or research.

Definition of Legal Philosophy?

It is the branch of philosophy that studies law.

Streams of Legal Philosophy?

The main streams are:

  1. Positivism
  2. Realism
  3. Sociological
  4. Ontological

Concept of Logic?

It is

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Kant’s Philosophy: Reason, Knowledge, and Morality

Kant’s Philosophical Project

Context and Motivation

Kant’s philosophy, motivated by the intellectual situation of the Renaissance, arose from a need for clarification and a critique of reason. Reason, as the ultimate authority, was crucial for scientific endeavor, moral action, and the organization of society. Kant sought to resolve three key issues:

  • Dogmatic Rationalism
  • Passivist Empiricism
  • Irrationalism

Enlightenment and Freedom

Humanity often lives in an unenlightened state due to a lack of freedom

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Ortega’s Philosophy: Reason, Reality, and Historical Thought

Ortega’s Philosophy: Reality and Perspectivism

José Ortega y Gasset’s philosophy posits that reality is a dynamic and changing co-existence of the self with the world. No one can claim absolute truths about the human condition for each subject. The alternative is Ortega’s perspectivism: every life is a point of view about the world, and there are as many points of view as individuals. What happens to the individual also impacts society and entire epochs. The whole truth can only be obtained by

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Realism and Idealism in Philosophy

Realism

Realism is a philosophical orientation asserting that reality exists independently of the mind. Realists believe that material things are real and exist independently of thought. They hold that knowledge corresponds to this material reality as it is, setting aside subjective interpretations.

Radical Realism

Radical Realism believes that knowledge is an exact copy of reality, and that we know the world exactly as it is.

Moderate Realism

Moderate Realism is a stance which believes that objective

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Evolution of Justice Concepts: From Ancient Philosophy to Modern Theories

Generations of Human Rights

Human rights are fundamental moral values and a model for the State’s structure. They are often categorized into generations:

  • 1st Generation: Civil and Political Rights – Emphasizing individual liberties, often associated with the Rule of Law.
  • 2nd Generation: Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights – Focusing on equality and the role of the social state of law.
  • 3rd Generation: Peace, Environment, and Development Rights – Centered on solidarity and mutual cooperation among
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