Aristotle’s Eudaemonia: Achieving Happiness Through Virtue
Aristotle on Happiness: The Supreme Good
According to Aristotle, happiness (Eudaimonia) is the ultimate goal sought by the individual. Therefore, it cannot be merely a means to an end; rather, it is the supreme good. It holds value in itself and does not depend on external factors. Aristotle examined the most prevalent opinions of his time regarding happiness:
- Some claimed that happiness and the major good are wealth, suggesting the good life is related to business. However, Aristotle argued that
Language and Reality: A Philosophical Analysis
Language and Reality
The relationship between language and reality is complex. Human language is conventional; words do not naturally arise from things, especially if they are artifacts. Words have a multifaceted relationship with reality.
Human language is symbolic because it uses signs instead of the things signified. Language is also subjective; words express realities as perceived by the speaker. Words are spoken by someone and reflect that person’s perspective. Language expresses reality, though
Read MoreUnderstanding Modern Philosophy: Renaissance to Enlightenment
Modern Philosophy: From Renaissance to Enlightenment
Culturally, the Modern Age is usually divided into the Renaissance (15th and 16th centuries), the Baroque period (17th century), and the Enlightenment (18th century).
The 14th century introduced an important change in mentality, promoting the distinction between knowledge of the supernatural order (assigned to Theology) and knowledge of nature (assigned to philosophy and science), although science had not yet fully separated from Philosophy. In
Read MorePlato’s Philosophy: Ideas, Soul, and the World
Plato’s Philosophy: Maturity Period (385 BC – 370 BC)
The Maturity Period (385 BC – 370 BC) is a significant era in the history of literature and philosophy. During this time, Plato’s theory of practical ideas and theory of love emerged, and he exposed some of the great myths, such as the myth of the destiny of souls and the winged horse.
Influences on Plato’s Thought
Plato’s philosophy was influenced by several pre-Socratic thinkers:
- Heraclitus: Plato acknowledges Heraclitus’s concept of constant change.
Understanding Long Lease, Security Rights, and Roman Law
A long lease involves establishing plantations. The lease and the surface are legal relationships, and their historical phases were considered property rights in the post-classical period rather than the classical period, for these reasons:
- The lease concerns the ground, while the surface concerns the building to be constructed.
- Both institutions involve a personal bond in the enjoyment between the person and their right.
From Roman times, the lease was the institution used by large landowners to obtain
Read MoreUnderstanding Metaphysics: Core Concepts and Key Thinkers
Metaphysics: Exploring the Nature of Reality
Metaphysics is the study of the fundamental nature of reality and being. Aristotle noted that a deeper analysis of the common aspects of all that exists was necessary, beyond the study of natural phenomena. This analysis became the object of ‘first philosophy,’ focusing on the study of reality and existence itself.
Aristotle’s View on Being
Aristotle stated that first philosophy explores the features of ‘being qua being,’ also known as substance. He sought
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