Scientific Method: Steps, Principles, and Applications

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is an ordered set of procedures that uses scientific research to observe the extent of our knowledge. We can conceive the scientific method as a structure, a framework consisting of consistently concatenated rules and principles. The scientific method is perhaps one of the most useful or appropriate methods, as it can provide answers to our questions. Answers are not obtained immediately as true, pure, and complete, without having gone through error. This

Read More

Social Program Evaluation: Criteria and Approaches

Definition of Two Main Parts

Two main parts are worth highlighting. On the one hand, an assessment is not an investigation; the big difference is the value judgments involved in any evaluation. The other aspect is that the assessment is restricted to the results. The set of variables that can impact program outcomes are so diverse that they make assessment a complex evaluation.

The activity is a process that requires efficiency, skills, and negotiation abilities. Also, we cannot forget that the results

Read More

Galileo and Newton: The Birth of Modern Science

The Birth of Modern Science: Galileo and Newton

The form of knowledge that we call science has a relatively short history. It was Galileo who was aware, by the time of creating a “new” scienza (science).

Copernicus and Galileo were not only unique, but their discoveries, which designed a new method of knowledge, implied a completely different understanding of reality.

The beginning of any such mechanism leaves behind Platonic animism and finalism as forms of relating to the world, to enter into *mathematized*

Read More

Documenting Qualitative Research Findings

The report does not respond to a single communication pattern. It must consider the participant, the research methods, and the intended audience. Each report addresses a hypothetical reader, and this varies according to who requests or requires the report. For example, a report communicating scientific aspects of an investigation differs from one for managers or policymakers, who need very synthetic results to make a decision.

The Problem of Documenting Qualitative Findings

Qualitative research reports

Read More

Joint Research Design: Combining Multiple Techniques

Joint Research Design with Several Techniques: Background

The presence of the concurrent use of various techniques of data collection or production must be taken into account.

  • Booth’s studies in the life and work of people in London, generated from reports of school visits, participant observation, and analysis of census and other records.
  • The study of Middletown by Lynd presents a research model and how the commitment to research results in political compromise. Families were counted and classified;
Read More

Natural Science and History: Methods and Problems

Natural Science: The Scientific Method

The sciences that study physical reality are very varied. Some merely observe, describe, and classify things. Their criterion of truth is the precise fit to the object studied. Others want to know the laws governing phenomena and the internal structure of things. They follow the hypothetical-deductive method:

  1. Discovery of a problem.
  2. Invention of a hypothesis.
  3. Formulation of the hypothesis.
  4. Contrasting the hypothesis.

When the hypothesis is sufficiently corroborated

Read More