Essential Rules and Regulations for Competitive Play
1 – Length of Game
2 halves of 30 minutes with a 10-minute break. * In case of a tie, there will be an extension (two times 5 minutes with a break). * In case of a tie, it uses the special rules for competition or five pitches of 7 m.
2 – Time-outs
These are times of dead game applied after the exclusion, disqualification, or expulsion of a player. * Time-outs are granted to a team for each half when the timekeeper sounds. * Clarification from referees is necessary.
3 – Ball Size
The size will vary according
Read MorePaddle Tennis Court Dimensions, Rules, and Equipment Specifications
1. Court and Net Dimensions
1.1. Playing Field
Smaller Court (Kids/Beginners):
- Shape: Rectangle
- Length: Approximately 12.8 meters
- Width: Approximately 8.23 meters
- Free Zone: 2 meters behind the end lines and sidelines
Standard Court:
- Shape: Rectangle
- Length: 23.77 meters
- Width: 8.23 meters
- Center Line: Divides the court into two equal halves, with a net suspended from a cord or metal cable (maximum diameter 0.8 cm). The net posts should not exceed 15 cm in diameter or 2.3 cm above the top rope of the net.
Effective Communication in Teaching and Coaching
Communication System Challenges
Weaver (1959) identified three levels of challenges in communication systems:
- Technical Problems: How accurately can the desired information be transmitted?
- Semantic Problems: How precisely does the conveyed message reflect the intended meaning?
- Effectiveness Problems: How effectively does the received message influence the recipient’s behavior as desired?
Essential Aspects of Information in Teaching and Coaching
- Objective and Accurate: Information should be descriptive
Volleyball Rules, History, and Gameplay
Volleyball
Gameplay
The Court and Equipment
The net height is 2.43 meters for men. The field of play is an 18 x 9 meter rectangle, surrounded by a free zone at least 3 meters wide on all sides. The free playing space above the playing area must be free of obstructions and measure at least 7 meters high.
Objective
The object of the game is to send the ball over the net, landing it within the opponent’s court, and preventing the opponent from doing the same. A team has three touches to return the ball
Read MorePhysical Education: Benefits and Key Concepts
Physical Education
Physical education is an educational discipline that uses body movement to develop the physical, emotional, and cognitive needs of an individual. This improves the quality of human participation in various life domains, such as family, social, and work.
Importance of Physical Education
Physical education improves mood, promotes mental alertness, relieves depression, and makes stress management easier. Long-term physical activity can improve self-esteem and increase social interaction
Read MoreEssential Elements of Physical Fitness: Stamina, Flexibility, Strength, Speed
Key Components for Optimal Health and Fitness
To achieve and maintain good health, it’s essential to:
- Eat sensibly.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Get regular sleep and rest.
- Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
- Improve your ability to cope with stress.
To attain sufficient fitness for good health, we need to develop the following key components:
Stamina (Aerobic Capacity)
Stamina, or aerobic capacity (endurance), is the ability to work for relatively long periods without excessive fatigue,
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