Managing External Bleeding and Injuries: First Aid Techniques
External Bleeding
External bleeding occurs when blood flows out of the body through a wound. It can be arterial or venous. Three techniques can be applied successively:
1. Direct Compression
Apply pressure directly to the bleeding point with a clean bandage or cloth for 10 minutes. If bleeding is on a limb, elevate it above the heart. Do not remove the dressing; add new ones if needed. Once bleeding stops, bandage the wound and seek medical attention. Do not use direct compression if there is a broken
Read MoreLifeguard First Aid: Responding to Emergencies and Injuries
Lifeguard Action Protocol
- Assess and Reassure: Introduce yourself, gain the injured person’s confidence, and quickly evaluate the situation.
- Check Vital Signs: Assess heart rate and breathing.
- Administer First Aid: Provide necessary on-scene first aid.
Suggestions:- Bleeding: Apply direct pressure to control bleeding.
- Unconsciousness: Elevate feet, keep warm, and avoid overcooling.
- Airway Obstruction: Clear mouth, loosen clothing around the throat.
- Suspected Spinal Injury: Do not move the victim unless
History of Body Expression: From Ancient Rituals to Modern Practices
History of Body Expression: From Ancient Rituals to Modern Practices
Evolution of Expression
From the origins of humanity, body movement has been used as a means of expression. Bodily activities developed by different civilizations and cultures have been connected with dance, theater, and music, practiced spontaneously, and used for magic, religious expression, entertainment, or amusement.
Prehistory
Dance and representation appear as magical expressions, through which humans seek to exert control over
Read MoreTennis and Athletics: History, Rules, and Techniques
Tennis
History of Tennis
Origins and Early Development
- The precursor to tennis, jeu de paume, involved hitting a ball with the hand.
- Jeu de paume was introduced in France between the 12th and 14th centuries.
- Modern tennis was invented by Walter Clapton Wingfield.
- The sport spread to other countries through British influence, particularly in colonies like Australia and South Africa.
- The first tennis courts were built in the United States in 1874.
- Walter Clapton Wingfield codified the first rules of modern
Track and Field Fundamentals
Stages
Adapted Game
Use games to improve motor coordination, flexibility, and skill in the initial stage. The child will become aware of their own body image.
Athletic Initiation
Avoid sharp, forceful work, especially before age 12, as the support apparatus is still developing. Speed work delivers notable results. Aerobic metabolism is ripe for development, as are specific motor tasks, joint mobility, and flexibility.
Athletic Training
Efforts for teenagers should not be maximal, as their energy is focused
Read MoreUnderstanding Motor Tasks: Classification, Analysis, and Development
Classification and Types of Motor Tasks
Physical Involvement (Cratty, 1982)
- Fine: Small muscle groups, precision, and dexterity.
- Gross: Large muscle groups, less precision.
Control or Ambient Priority (Poulton, 1956)
- Closed: Internal feedback, known context, easier to execute.
- Open: External feedback, unknown or changing context.
Cognitive Engagement (Knapp, 1963)
:
• Usually, sequence of movements known that they tend to automate.
· Perceptive: unknown sequence of movements that require cognitive engagement.
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