Laser Technology: Principles, Properties, and Applications
LASER = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
A laser is actually an oscillator rather than a simple amplifier. The difference is that an oscillator has positive feedback in addition to the amplifier.
Comprehensive Vocabulary List: Definitions and Terms
Comprehensive Vocabulary List
General Terms
- Mournful: Very sad
- Farther: From a great distance
- Fleeting: Happening for only a moment
- Muffled: Quiet or not clear sound
- Dumb: Not able to speak
- Sublime: Extremely beautiful
- Hastens: To make something happen faster
- Steeds: Horses that are ridden
- Stalls: Components in a stable
- Stamp: Small piece of paper with a picture or pattern on it that is stuck onto a letter or package before it is posted
- Neigh: Long, loud, high call that is produced by a horse when it is excited
- Carols:
Understanding Relativity, Light, and Atomic Spectra
Two Simultaneous Events in Relativity
There will be two simultaneous events since there will be a dilation of mass, time, and length, ranging from relativistically. The only condition to produce this phenomenon is that the speed of the moving observer must be close to the speed of light.
Relativistic and Classical Physical Theories
Two physical theories are briefly described: relativistic and classical. The results are as follows:
- The corpuscular theory of light, explained through the Compton effect,
Celestial Mechanics: Kepler’s Laws, Tides, and the Expanding Universe
Celestial Mechanics: Kepler’s Laws
Johannes Kepler, a German astronomer and mathematician, established the mathematical laws describing the motion of celestial bodies. He determined that planets move in elliptical orbits, not circular ones, around the sun. These are known as Kepler’s Laws:
- 1st Law: Planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus.
- 2nd Law: A line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
- 3rd Law: The square of a planet’s orbital
Low Voltage Distribution Networks: Aerial and Underground
The distribution network in Low Voltage (LV) begins at processing centers where Medium Voltage (MV) is passed to LV. This network is regulated by Article 8 of the Electrical Regulations for LV and is defined as a set of conductors that, assuming a processing center, runs along the entire supply area of influence.
Types of LV Distribution Networks
LV distribution networks can be one of two types:
- Aerial Network
- Underground Network
Aerial Networks
In aerial networks, conductors can be woven or braided and
Read MoreCosmology and the Expanding Universe: Big Bang & Steady State
Cosmology and the Expanding Universe
Cosmology, a branch of astronomy, studies the structure, origins, and development of the entire universe. Astronomy is the science that studies the stars and components of the universe. Astrophysics studies the composition, structure, and evolution of celestial objects.
Cosmology describes the universe through the application of mathematical models, which are sets of equations used to describe physical systems. These models help to further study the properties
Read More