Electricity, Atoms, Communication, and Ecology
Electricity and Atoms
Kilowatt-hour (kWh): Energy supplied to a circuit consuming 1 kilowatt of power for 1 hour.
Batteries: All batteries have a specific place, weight, and occupy space.
Molecule: The smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical properties of that substance.
Simple Body or Element: Those whose molecules are made up of atoms of the same class (e.g., copper, nickel).
Compound Bodies: Formed by atoms that combine in different proportions (e.g., water, common salt).
Components
Read MoreRelativity, Quantum Theory, and Uncertainty
Relativity: Concepts and Postulates
The study of relativity establishes that time and space are relative. This means that they cannot be handled with an absolute reference system because the measurement of space and time will depend on the observer.
In 1905, Albert Einstein published the Special Theory of Relativity, based on two postulates:
Postulate 1
The laws of physics are the same for all referential frames that move at a constant speed compared to others.
Example: If you are sitting still on a
Read MoreNefertiti Bust and Menkaure Trio: Art of Ancient Egypt
Bust of Nefertiti
The Bust of Nefertiti is one of the best-known works from the New Kingdom, currently located in Berlin.
During the New Kingdom, the pharaoh’s image underwent a change in its idealization. This glorious moment occurred during the reign of Akhenaten in Dynasty XVIII. He moved the capital to Tell el-Amarna and introduced monotheism, the belief in the God Aten.
This deity is symbolized by the solar disk from which rays emerge, ending in hands that touch the royal family. The human body
Read MoreUnderstanding Coulomb’s Law and Electric Fields
Coulomb’s Law
Coulomb’s Law states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two point electric charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r) between them. It is expressed as: F = kQ1Q2 / r2
Electric forces have the following characteristics:
- The force is directed along the line of junction of the charges.
- The force is repulsive if the charges have the same sign.
- If the two charges are of opposite signs, the force
Understanding Bioelectricity, Thermodynamics, and Respiratory System
Bioelectricity
Coulomb’s Law: The magnitude of the electrical force between two point charges at rest is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Ohm’s Law: The electric current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference and inversely proportional to its resistance.
Electric Current: Electrical current is the flow of electric charge carriers, typically through a
Read MoreUnderstanding Wave Motion: Types and Properties
Waves move up and down any object, but not in the direction in which the waves are advancing. When at rest, the object is in its initial position. Wave motion is a form of power transmission, with no net transport of material, through the propagation of any form of disturbance. This disturbance is called a wave. In any wave propagation phenomena, we can see some common elements:
- An initial perturbation that is transmitted to other points, with no net movement of matter.
- A transmission of energy through