Understanding Mechanics: Statics, Dynamics, and Kinematics
The Mechanics
The three branches of mechanics are statics, dynamics, and kinematics.
Objective: Studying Motion
Kinematics describes the motion of bodies using variables such as:
Length: The key variable is the meter.-
Time: The fundamental unit is the second.
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Mass: The fundamental unit is the kilogram.
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Number of substances: The fundamental unit is the mole.
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Electric Current: The fundamental unit is the ampere.
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Luminous Intensity: The fundamental unit is the candela.
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Temperature: The fundamental unit
Cosmology: Origin and Evolution of the Universe
**Modern Cosmology**
Cosmology studies the structure, origin, and development of the universe. Astronomy is the science of the stars, based on the information provided to us by the electromagnetic radiation that reaches us from them. Astrophysics applies the laws of physics to study the nature and behavior of stars. Mathematical models are a set of equations that describe physical systems and help to further study the properties of the system they describe.
Static and Infinite Model
In the early twentieth
Read MoreCircular Motion: Understanding Key Concepts and Uniform Motion
Circular Motion
Circumference
The circle is a continuously curved contour whose points are all equidistant from a central point, called the center of the circle. The constant distance from any point on the circumference is called the radius.
The circle represents the area contained within them, called the circle, the most enigmatic of all, considered perfect by our ancestors. Its directivity is the curve associated with movement, framing, repetition, and heat.
Radius
In classical geometry, the radius
Read MoreAtomic and Nuclear Physics: Key Concepts and Principles
Blackbody Radiation
Radiant exitance is the energy emitted per unit time per unit area of a body at a certain temperature. The spectral distribution of thermal radiation depends on the nature and state of the radiating surface. A particular pattern is used to study this dependence, this pattern is called a blackbody: it is a body that is capable of absorbing all the radiation incident on it without reflecting anything. The distribution and study of the spectral blackbody emitted at different temperatures
Read MoreSpecial Relativity, Uncertainty Principle, Radiation, and Interactions
Special Relativity
A fundamental problem in physics in the late nineteenth century was that the laws of electromagnetism varied by changing the reference system, violating the principle of relativity of Galileo, which was the basis of Newton’s mechanics. Thus, observers in relative motion would get different results when studying electromagnetic phenomena. In 1905, Einstein reconciled the two theories (mechanical and electromagnetism) with his Special Theory of Relativity, which is based on the following
Read MoreConcrete: Properties, Types, and Production
Concrete
Material consisting of cement, water, and aggregates. Additives can be added to improve its characteristics. Concrete is a material with good compressive strength and poor tensile strength. The aggregates do not act directly on the setting of concrete; they make up approximately 80% of the mix. Aggregates provide increased strength, durability, abrasion resistance, and tensile strength. They also give more grip to the mix but make it less workable. Fresh concrete has to have plasticity to
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