Essential Principles of Therapeutic Practice
Carl Rogers’ Core Conditions of Therapy
- Unconditional Positive Regard: The client needs to feel accepted, loved, and prized. This involves accepting and valuing the client without judgment.
- Genuineness: The therapist needs to be congruent and their authentic self in the therapeutic relationship.
- Accurate Empathy: Deeply understand the client’s experience when offering empathy, sensing their world as if it were your own, without judgment.
Nonverbal Communication in Therapy
Three key categorizations
Read MoreEffective Questionnaire Design for Research and Surveys
Understanding Research Data Collection Methods
In educational research, we use different methods to gather information:
- Questionnaires / Surveys – written sets of questions.
- Interviews – direct one-on-one or group conversations.
- Focus Groups – small group discussions on a topic.
- Observation – watching behavior or situations to gather data.
Survey vs. Questionnaire: Key Differences
| Feature | Survey | Questionnaire |
| Definition | A research method used to collect data from a sample. | A tool (set of questions) |
Foundations of Research: Methods, Ethics, and Key Concepts
Foundations of Research: Key Concepts
A concept is a fundamental component of thinking; an abstract category for organizing sensory experiences. Operationalization is the process of specifying how a concept will be measured. Measurement is the deliberate observation or quantification of a concept.
The Research Process Steps
- Choose a topic
- Review literature
- Formulate a question
- Select method
- Collect data
- Analyze results
- Draw conclusions
- Share findings
Research Methods and Approaches
Common Research Methods
- Survey:
Psychology’s Origins: Key Schools and Influential Thinkers
Early Foundations of Psychology
The term “Psychology” originates from the Greek word Psyche, meaning spirit, soul, or mind. Initially defined as the “study of the soul,” its scientific definition evolved significantly, moving away from the intangible concept of the soul.
Wilhelm Wundt and Experimental Psychology
Modern psychology as a science was formally established in 1879 with Wilhelm Wundt’s creation of the first Experimental Psychology Laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. Wundt, originally a physiologist,
Read MoreEssential Concepts in Cultural Anthropology
1. Cultural Relativism
The principle that cultural beliefs and practices must be understood in their own cultural context, not judged by the standards of another culture. It promotes open-mindedness and respect for cultural diversity.
2. Differences Between Animals and Humans
Humans possess complex language, the ability to think abstractly, make moral decisions, create culture, and transmit knowledge across generations. While animals can communicate and learn, they do not form complex symbolic systems
Read MoreMental Health Therapies: Psychotherapy & Biomedical Interventions
Mental Health Therapies: An Introduction
Therapies Overview
Purpose: To help individuals manage mental health challenges through therapeutic or medical interventions.
Two Main Types:
Psychotherapies (Talk Therapy): Focus on thoughts, emotions, and coping skills.
Biomedical Therapies: Focus on altering brain chemistry or structure.
Psychotherapies Explained
Working with a trained therapist.
Helps in understanding problems, emotions, and relationships.
Useful for stress, anxiety, depression, and trauma.