The Sociology of Crime and Deviance: A Comprehensive Overview

Work Sociology: Crime and Deviance

1. Explain the meaning of the phrase “conformity and deviation are part of an inseparable pair.”

Conformity and deviance are two sides of the same coin. They cannot be separated because there’s no universally agreed-upon definition of “normal” behavior or conformity. A behavior is defined as deviant in relation to the existing norms of a society. In essence, deviance is the opposite of conformity.

2. What is the function of justice and punishment for C. Beccaria?

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Psychological First Aid: A Guide to Trauma Response

Psychological First Aid

Objectives

Psychological First Aid aims to:

  • Provide protection, security, and hope.
  • Relieve acute stress symptoms.
  • Prevent delayed stress reactions.

Basic Principles

A. Protect

Ensure affected individuals feel safe and secure. Search for and organize:

  • Physical shelters
  • Symbolic shelters
  • Protection against the media (avoid contact in early hours)

B. Lead

Guide individuals away from dangerous areas to safe locations.

C. Connect

Connect individuals with personal and social resources:

  • Loved
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Introduction to Psychology: History, Scope, and Key Concepts

1. Introduction to Psychology and Sociology

1.1 Commonalities and Differences

Psychology and sociology share common ground as human sciences, both aiming to study humans. They differ from sciences that focus on non-human phenomena, such as anthropology. These disciplines are relatively young, emerging in the late nineteenth century as distinct fields of study. Their development occurred during a period when social sciences struggled for recognition in the scientific world. The challenge arose from

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Understanding Intellectual Disabilities

Historical Development of Intellectual Disability

Historically, people with intellectual disabilities have been referred to by various terms, including “mentally-oligofrénico,” “weak-minded,” “decreased,” “delayed,” and “mentally handicapped.” Regarding individuals with physical and/or sensory disabilities, terms like “handicapped,” “crippled,” “paralyzed,” “disabled,” “destitute,” and “maimed” have been used. The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed using the term “mental subnormality” generally

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Influences on the Development of Psychology: A Historical Overview

Influences on the Development of Psychology

Scientific Influences

Much of the methodology used in psychological research was adapted from other sciences, including physics, chemistry, biology, and physiology. Chapter 2 will discuss these methodologies in detail, but it’s worth briefly mentioning some of the key contributions.

Physics and chemistry provided methodology and insights into sensations and perceptions, which quickly became part of the developing field of physiology. The biological theory

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Understanding Social Sciences: Culture, Society, and Mental Health

Anthropology & Sociology

Global Study of Human Societies

Anthropology is the global study of the variability of human societies.

Scientific Study of Human Social Life

Sociology is the scientific study of human social life.

Evolutionists

Evolutionists focus on the similarities in changing societies.

Social Interactions

Social interactions encompass the real social behavior of individuals and groups.

Functionalist Perspective

The functionalist perspective emphasizes consensus on values, order, and stability.

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