Understanding Social Research Methods: A Comprehensive Guide

Week 2: Key Concepts in Social Research

Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research

Quantitative Research uses numerical data and deductive reasoning.

Qualitative Research focuses on contextual data and inductive reasoning.

Importantly, the interpretation of data can vary depending on the analyst.

Social Research Fundamentals

What is Social Research?

  • Focuses on people and the social world, often at the group level.
  • Examines patterns of similarities and differences among cases.
  • Encompasses a wide range of topics.
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The Socialization of the Child

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1.Introduction. / / 2.The child discovers the other. / / “The recognition of the other. / /-Features of the knowledge that child has of the other / / 3.The process of discovery, connection and acceptance.
/ /-discovery process. / /-links and socialization processes.
“The

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A Sociological Perspective on Health and Illness

The Evolving Medical Perception of Hysteria

When women began pursuing new job opportunities, societal anxieties arose, particularly among men, regarding women’s roles outside the household. This led to the development of a medical system that reinforced traditional gender roles.

This system argued that men’s brains were dominant, while women’s ovaries and uterus held primary importance. Consequently, education for women was believed to lead to sickness, as the brain and reproductive organs couldn’

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Quantitative Research Methods in Educational Research

Quantitative Approach

Quantitative research is dedicated to collecting, processing, and analyzing numerical data on certain variables to produce explanatory theories. These theories aim to establish the relationship between variables in terms of cause and effect. The hypothesis is formulated at the beginning of the investigation, and the sample selection uses mathematical or probabilistic methods.

Features

  • Variability: Observations on the same issue can have different values.
  • Validity: The extent to
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Understanding Learning and Cognitive Development

What Do We Mean by Learning?

Learning is the set of processes by which we acquire concepts, skills, and abilities.

Factors Affecting Individual Learning

  • Intelligence or ability to learn
  • Attitudes and motivation
  • Age and previous experience

What is Intelligence?

Intelligence is the ability of a person to reason, acquire knowledge, understand concepts, and think creatively.

Development of Intelligence According to Piaget

According to Piaget, intelligence develops gradually through four stages:

  1. Sensorimotor Intelligence
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Introduction to Psychometrics: Understanding Psychological Measurement

Psychometrics: Measuring Human Behavior

Introduction to Psychological Measurement

Psychometrics is the area of psychology concerned with the measurement procedures of human behavior. It encompasses test theory, theory of measurement, and statistics. Since psychological phenomena are not directly observable, measurement often involves selecting operational indicators.

Assumptions of Measurement in Psychology

  • We measure properties of objects, not the objects themselves.
  • These properties exist independently
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