Organizational Behavior: Leadership, Culture, and Change
Leadership
Leadership: The ability to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members. Leaders use their influence to motivate and enable others to contribute toward the organization’s goals.
Shared leadership: Occurs when an organization allows the freedom to take risks.
Leadership Styles
Transformational leadership: A perspective that explains how leaders change teams or organizations by creating, communicating,
Read MoreEvolutionary Psychology: Exploring Human Development Across the Lifespan
1. Evolutionary Psychology and Its Focus on Change Over Time
Evolutionary psychology seeks to understand how humans change over time. It delves into the physiological and psychological transformations that occur throughout life. By examining the past, this field aims to explain present behaviors and predict future trends.
Evolution, in this context, refers to changes occurring over time. This encompasses both ontogenetic change (individual development from birth to death) and phylogenetic change (
Read MoreUnderstanding Drug Classifications and Their Effects
Classification of Drugs:
- Drug Peace: They promise some form of peace, to soften the moral consciousness (alcohol or ether), for direct analgesia (morphine and codeine), to induce euphoria (heroin); suffocation of the brain (neuroleptics) or psychic brutalization (barbiturates, sedatives, and tranquilizers like Valium). These drugs cause addictiveness.
- Drug Energy: They promise some form of energy such as cocaine, crack cocaine, and caffeine. Their abuse is harmful, and their effect is comparable to
Group Dynamics: Understanding and Improving Team Performance
Group Dynamics
To form a team, one must pass through the following steps: orientation, defining goals and setting standards, consolidation, conflict resolution. If these steps are not followed, there will be obstacles that prevent the team from working effectively and achieving its intended purpose.
• In all individual specialization teams, individuals are linked to a function that describes the primary responsibilities of the person in the position they hold. This correlation exists between person
Read MoreUnderstanding Psychopathy, White-Collar Crime, and Drift Theory: A Sociological Perspective
Psychopathy: A Concept of Antisocial Behavior
The term “psychopathy” refers to individuals who lack socialization and exhibit behaviors that consistently clash with societal norms. They are often characterized by a lack of loyalty, extreme selfishness, insensitivity, irresponsibility, and a low frustration tolerance.
Two key features define the psychopathic personality: an inability to experience emotional responses and an irresistible tendency to act impulsively. These traits often lead to secondary
Read MoreUnderstanding Memory: A Multi-Store Model Perspective
Memory: A Complex Functional System
Memory is a complex functional system, organized in different levels, active by nature, and unfolds in time through a series of successive links.
Multi-Store Model Theory
Short-Term Memory (STM)
- There is no index to measure the ability of the STM.
- STM capacity depends on the type of task and the type of retrieval requested, not a fixed number.
- Retrieval rates influence the amount of information held in STM.
- These indices appear to be influenced by Long-Term Memory (LTM)