Measurement and Evaluation in Education: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction to Measurement and Evaluation in Education
The process of measurement is an essential component of any learning system. While measurement serves administrative purposes in education, evaluation plays a crucial role in modifying and improving the learning system and instructional procedures. Measurement is generally considered more precise and objective than evaluation.
Measurement
Measurement involves assigning numerical values to attributes or characteristics. Here are some key aspects
Read MoreMeasurement and Evaluation in Education: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction to Measurement and Evaluation
Measurement and evaluation are essential components of any effective learning system. While measurement focuses on assigning numerical values to attributes, evaluation involves making value judgments about performance or achievement. Both processes play crucial roles in improving the quality of education.
Measurement: The Foundation
Measurement involves assigning numbers to represent the degree to which an individual possesses a particular attribute. It quantifies
Read MoreMeasurement and Evaluation in Education
INTRODUCTION MEASUREME AND EVALUATION :
The process of measurement is an essential component of the learning system.
Measurement has more administrative utility in education than evaluation. An evaluation process is useful in modifying and improving learning system and instructional procedure. The process of measurement is more precise and objective in approach, when compared to evaluation.
Measurement: INTRODUCTION
• Assignment of numbers (quality test, rating scale)
• It is the process of obtaining
Read MoreJean Piaget’s Constructivism & Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
Jean Piaget’s Constructivism: Key Concepts
Piaget developed a theory, known as genetic epistemology, to explain how intelligence and knowledge are constructed. This theory emphasizes the active role of the individual in building their own understanding of the world.
According to Piaget, knowledge is acquired through the interaction between the individual and their environment. This process involves two key mechanisms:
- Assimilation: Incorporating new information into existing cognitive structures (schemas)
Learner’s Discovery: Bruner’s Cognitive Theory of Instruction
Learner’s Discovery (Bruner)
This cognitive theory of instruction, developed by Jerome Bruner, posits that the human mind is an information processor. It shifts the focus from stimulus-response to how individuals receive, process, organize, and retrieve information from their environment. Bruner emphasizes the importance of making learning an active process where individuals are engaged in problem-solving and applying their knowledge.
Terms of Learner’s Discovery:
- Restricted Search Scope: The individual’
Cognitive and Learning Theories in Psychology
1. Learning Theories
Watson’s Theory (1913)
Watson’s theory centers on the prediction and control of behavior.
Main Cognitive Learning Theories:
- Thorndike’s Theory of Formulations
- Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning
- Skinner’s Operant Conditioning
- Bandura’s Observational Learning
Thorndike’s Associationism
The earliest learning theory was associationism. Thorndike’s theory, rooted in Locke’s associationist principles, posits that associations apply to situations and reactions they cause. In essence, an individual
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