Cross-Cultural Negotiation: Values and Tactics
Conceptualizing Culture and Negotiation
Culture can be understood in several ways:
- Culture as Learned Behavior: Different cultures have distinct learned behaviors.
- Culture as Shared Values: Understanding central values and norms is crucial.
- Culture as Dialectic: Acknowledging variations within cultures.
- Culture in Context: Cultural values are context-dependent.
Schwartz’s 10 Cultural Values
- Self-Direction: The freedom to choose, create, and explore.
- Stimulation: Excitement, novelty, and challenge in life.
Verb Aspect and Mood in Grammar
Verb Aspect
The aspect, like tense, is a characteristic grammatical meaning of the verb. Broadly, it expresses, through various linguistic devices, certain features of the verbal action considered from the speaker’s perspective. Given an action performed by a subject, for example, John [studies] Mathematics, the speaker, in addition to placing the action in the present, past, or future, can refer to it while observing it at its beginning (is starting to study), during its development (is studying)
Read MoreDecision Making & Organizational Structure: Key Concepts
Organizing for Decision Making
Organizing for decision making: The nature of organizing, organization levels and span of control in management. Organizational design and structure, departmentation, line and staff concepts. Limitations of decision making, evaluation and selecting from alternatives. Programmed and non-programmed decisions. Decision under certainty, uncertainty, and risk. Creative process and innovation.
Nature of Organizing
- The term “Organizing” means systematic arrangement of activities.
Classroom Activities for Special Days
Classroom Activities for Special Days
April Fool’s Day
April Fool’s Day. The first thing I would do in a class would be to present this day and talk about what is done and why it is celebrated. After that, I would work with the students with activities like, for example, inventing a false story and making all their companions believe it is real, but have strange events. I would also work on the difference between making jokes and pranks. That is, this day is very good to make some unimportant jokes,
Understanding Consumerism and the Rise of Experiential Tourism
Understanding Consumerism and Experiential Tourism
Consumption has always been a part of society, but today we live in an overconsumeristic world where nearly everything is connected to consumption in a significant way. Many people don’t believe they are consumeristic, yet most end up consuming like everyone else. The most obvious examples are linked to specific days or seasons, such as Black Friday, sales periods, or Christmas.
Companies try to persuade us to buy their products, but this strategy
Read MoreHR Management Essentials: Personnel, Power, and Communication
HR Management Essentials
1. Personnel Management Activities
Daily activities of the personnel department to optimize HR utilization and achieve organizational strategy. These activities include:
- Stabilization
- Development
- Dismissal
2. Model of Organizational Space
The organizational space encompasses dimensions such as values, goals, structure, organizational climate, and the external environment.
3. Social Groups
A group is a collection of individuals with a common goal, interdependence, and a shared sense
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