Medieval Legal Science: The Rise of Legal Doctrine and Scholasticism

The Revelation of Law

The new legal doctrine is based on the birth of legal science. This doctrine (of the Scholastic Age, i.e., faith and reason) believes reason must discover the precepts of law. These precepts are hidden from most, but they exist and can be revealed through the science of law. Legal science does not place much importance on the role of the princeps concerning the formation and use of law.

Late-Medieval Civilization

Beginning in the eleventh century, the second Middle Ages emerged,

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Medieval Law: A European Legal Order

Introduction, Foreword, and Chapter I

) operates as prince with technical chief judge then passed to lawyers and court judge administers justice. always right one for each different time low ancient and modern media = xv similar break.
Grossi’s work is not intended as a manual, if it is a medieval interpretation of law. It tries to make the difference between the medieval concept of law as the previous age (Classical) and which came later (Modern)
The play, despite being based on Italian legal

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Understanding the Universe: Order, Origin, and Reality

Levels of Reality

Our journey begins with the distinction between different levels of reality: emotional, societal, planetary, and cosmic. While the closest levels hold the most immediate importance for us, we also retain a sense of wonder about the vast universe.

What is the Universe?

Defining the universe as “everything that exists” raises questions that have intrigued philosophers for centuries. From the early cosmologists to Pascal in the 17th century, the universe has been a source of both curiosity

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Ancient Greek Historiography: From Herodotus to Zosimus

Greek Historiography: An Overview

Ancient Greek historiography flourished from the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD, encompassing writers from Herodotus to Zosimus, including prominent figures like Thucydides, Posidonius, and Polybius. Jacoby’s Fragmente der griechischen Historiker identifies 856 Greek historians, including mythographers and local chroniclers.

The Birth of Historiography

The concept of historiography originated in Greece, although earlier historical records existed in the East,

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Themes in Miguel Hernández’s Poetry

Miguel Hernández’s Poetry

Main Themes

Miguel Hernández’s poetry can be explored through four stages, each reflecting key concepts:

  1. Orihuela Phase:

    Focus on nature, as seen in Perito en lunas.

  2. Love and Existential Phase:

    Exploration of love and existential themes in Rayo sin cesar.

  3. Fighting Phase:

    Poetry of social commitment: Viento del pueblo and El hombre acecha.

  4. Final Stage:

    Themes of freedom, justice, and love in Cancionero y romancero de ausencias.

The Theme of Nature

  • Depiction of the rural environment

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Spanish Literature of the Renaissance

Garcilaso de la Vega (1501-1536)

Born in Toledo, Garcilaso de la Vega was a man of arms and letters. His love for Isabel Freyre inspired much of his work. His poetic works include 38 sonnets, five songs, three eclogues, two elegies, one letter, and verses in eight-syllable lines. His poetry reflects Renaissance themes in an intimate and personal way. His style is characterized by his selection of vocabulary and imagery, and he uses soft melancholy to express his feelings.

Fray Luis de León (1527-

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