Cultural and Educational Shifts in 19th Century Spain
Cultural Transformations in 19th Century Spain
Cultural changes in 19th-century Spain made their way with difficulty due to strong resistance and the survival of the old official ecclesiastical culture.
Key Characteristics of 19th Century Spanish Culture
- Limited influence of European trends.
- Coexistence between tradition (mainly ecclesiastical) and progress.
- High degree of illiteracy.
- Limited interest in culture and science.
It is difficult to speak of a uniform mentality across all social groups. For
Read MoreComparative Politics: Electoral Systems and Analytical Methods
Comparative Political Analysis
Hypothesis: Countries that use proportional representation are more likely to have multi-party legislatures than countries that use first-past-the-post voting systems.
In comparative politics, the method of agreement and the method of difference are tools we use to figure out what might be causing certain political outcomes by comparing different countries. They help us look beyond surface differences and get to the root of what really matters.
The Method of Agreement
The
Read MoreLeadership Styles, Team Dynamics, and Workplace Well-being
Types of Leaders
Question: Which of the following are types of leaders?
Answer: Laissez-faire, democratic, autocratic.
Defining Leadership
Question: Leadership is:
Answer: A set of characteristics that make a good leader.
Key Characteristics of a Leader
Question: Which of these are characteristics of a leader?
Answer: Inspiration, confidence, and delegation.
Understanding Political Leadership
Question: A political leader is:
Answer: A leader defined by their field or domain.
The Paternalistic Leader
Question:
Read MoreAncient Skills, Organic Farms, Toxic Friends & Modern Issues
Internet Revives Ancient Skills of Geisha
- Maiko
- Teahouses
- Poor girls
- Making up their own kimonos
- An art
- All day from morning to midnight
- In Kyoto
- It’s more exciting than working in a company.
Organic Farming
- Wanted to grow their own food.
- Was not used to grow produce right before they bought it.
- The use of farming methods that do not cause environmental damage.
- Decides whether produce can be called organic.
- Your farming practices are approved by its inspectors.
- When the Soil Association was just starting to function.
Economic Nationalism: From Classical Roots to Modern Trade Policy
Mercantilism: Foundations of Economic Nationalism
Mercantilism is a state-focused view of international political economy that prioritizes national security, power, and economic control. From the 15th to 19th centuries, classical mercantilism aimed to build trade surpluses by promoting exports and limiting imports. Wealth—especially gold and silver—was seen as necessary to fund military power and secure dominance. Charles Tilly argued that war drove state consolidation, making trade and resource
Read MoreUnderstanding Global Inequality: Samir Amin, Raul Prebisch, and Hegemonic Cycles
Understanding Global Inequality: Samir Amin and Structuralist Thought
Samir Amin, a prominent figure in the structuralist and Marxist schools of thought, focused on the roots of global inequality. His analysis attributes inequality to two primary factors:
The Productivity Gap and Access to Technology
A significant productivity gap exists due to unequal access to technology. Productivity, defined as the capacity to produce, is directly enhanced by technological access. Developed nations benefit from
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