Education vs. Schooling: Global Systems & Social Roles

Education vs. Schooling Defined

Education is the social institution through which society provides its members with important knowledge, including basic facts, job skills, and cultural norms and values.

Schooling refers to formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers.

Schooling and Economic Development

The extent of schooling in any society is tied to its level of economic development.

  • In low- and middle-income countries, people often learn informally at home, and limited schooling
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Spain’s Military and Civil Directory: 1923-1930

Military Directory (1923-1925)

Corruption and Dictatorship

The first issue was the alleged corruption of the powers of concentration. This led to the abolishment of all political systems (including the 1976 Constitution, courts, local administration, and commonwealth) and the establishment of a personal dictatorship. Between periods of war, many dictatorships and liberal dynasties emerged.

Repression and Pistolerismo

To address Pistolerismo, repression was applied, particularly targeting the anarchist

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American Federation of Labor: History and Significance

The American Federation of Labor

Early Stages and Exclusionary Practices

The American Federation of Labor (AFL) initially adopted exclusionary practices, barring Black workers and women from membership. Focusing on skilled laborers, the union organized itself by trades, such as steel workers and garment workers. This structure reflected the AFL’s belief in clear distinctions between skill levels. Their primary goal was to protect skilled American laborers from the perceived threat of immigrant competition.

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Swiss Politics: Rise of New Parties and Neutrality

Swiss Politics: The Rise of New Parties

As a consequence, a strong process of individualism has developed, producing a profound change in cultural and social values in Switzerland, creating various green parties and alternative movements. The Green Party has gained more popular support, and it also includes those excluded or disaffected with the political system.

The increased political disenchantment, along with a worsening of the Swiss economy and increased social exclusion in the late 1980s and

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Ancient vs. Modern Freedom: Civil Society, Liberalism, and Socialism

Ancient and Modern Freedom

Freedom of the Ancients vs. Modern Freedom: The freedom of the ancients was rooted in participation in public affairs. A free man was considered a citizen, entitled to actively participate in the government of the polis, the political community.

Modern freedom emphasizes individual rights that society should respect. This gave rise to representative government, where the people do not govern directly, as in Athenian democracy, but through their representatives.

Civil Society

Civil

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Understanding Social Intervention and Community Involvement

Social Intervention and Community Involvement

Community involvement emphasizes aspects of the interventive process or goal.

Aspects:

  1. Comprehensive human development and reducing psychosocial problems.
  2. Sense of belonging and community.
  3. Personal empowerment, self-direction, and meso-social development.

Distinguishing Characteristics:

  1. Object/Recipient of intervention.
  2. Assumed role.
  3. Initial rate of change.
  4. Objectives/Goals.
  5. Field of application.
  6. Techniques and strategies used.
  7. Duration.
  8. Relational style/format.
  9. Measurement
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