Decroly and Manjón: Pioneers of Active Education

Decroly: School for Life

“The school should be for the child, not the child for the school.”

Ovide Decroly (born in 1871) was one of the most distinguished representatives in Europe of John Dewey’s educational ideas. He based his approach on the ideology of American psychology. His core principles include:

  • “School for Life, Through Life”: This motto of his school, L’Ermitage, reflected his pedagogical conceptions of respect for the child and their personality.
  • Principle of Freedom: A principle proposed
Read More

Election Process: Calls, Nominations, Campaigns, and Polls

1. Call

It is an administrative act, which can sometimes be judicial, for determining the date and time of elections. This act is performed by the President of the territorial area concerned.

To be published in the relevant Official Journal. It can be brought before the courts if:

  • The government does not do it within the prescribed period, to prevent the hijacking of democracy.
  • There has been an irregularity in an area or district, to repeat the elections.

2. Nominations

They are people who, meeting the

Read More

COVID-19’s Impact: Reshaping Globalization and World Order

The Impact of COVID-19

As we know, COVID-19 is having political, social, health, and economic effects. But are we aware of the impact this can have on the international order or on globalization?

The current pandemic and its effects could reshape globalization. Furthermore, due to the consequences experienced by the great powers, a new world order will eventually be established. To understand this, we will address new changes in communication, trade agreements, oil relations, and democracies.

New Forms

Read More

Targeting Anti-Smoking Campaigns & Contrasting Lives

Targeted Anti-Smoking Campaigns

Question 1:

“Different anti-smoking campaigns for different people.” This could be a headline for this text because it is about how ineffective anti-smoking campaigns may be among young people. This is due to the fact that every age group needs to be addressed and persuaded in a different way.

Question 2:

  • a) The majority of people who are not 20 years old yet.
  • b) Youngsters think of the present and not of the future.

Question 3:

  • a) Older people can be frightened by the danger
Read More

Thought and Language: Relationship and Reality

Thought and Language

There are three positions that can be held about the relationship between thought and language:

  • Ideas are based on language and depend on it: This position is defended by Edward Sapir, Benjamin Whorf, and Basil Bernstein.
  • Thought is language: This stance was proposed by Max Müller and Karl Marx, and also defended by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. Language is a system of signs, and they do not necessarily have to be spoken or written.
  • Language is based on thought and depends
Read More

Understanding Scientific Revolution, Ethics, and Science

Understanding the Scientific Revolution

What is understood by the scientific revolution?

It is a phenomenon that radically changed the world’s image. This revolution introduced the hypothetical-deductive method, linking mathematical calculation with experimental verification.

When and where did it take place?

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Methods: Inductive, Deductive, Hypothetical-Deductive

What is the difference between the inductive, deductive, and hypothetical-deductive methods?

The

Read More