EU Competences: Exclusive, Shared, and Supporting
The EU has a range of competences, which are the areas in which it has the authority to make decisions and take action. These competences are defined and outlined in the EU treaties and can be broadly categorized into three main types:
1. Exclusive Competences
These are areas where only the EU has the authority to legislate and adopt binding decisions. Member states cannot enact laws in these areas unless the EU explicitly delegates authority to them. Exclusive competences include:
- Customs Union: Setting
Strategic Educational Plans & Curriculum Concepts in Castilla La Mancha
Strategic Plans in Educational CLM
Plan for Communicative Competence in Languages
Objectives include promoting respect for linguistic diversity, implementing the European Framework of Reference, using language portfolios, providing foreign language training for teachers, supporting youth mobility, and establishing bilingual schools and sections.
Plan for School Success
Includes free textbooks and alternative materials.
Digital Education 2.0: The Schools Program
Aims to use technology as a source of knowledge,
Read MoreIndividualism, Culture, and Societal Evolution: Key Concepts
Individualism and Its Limits
Individualism and Its Limits
He developed the concept of individual freedom until it became the theory of possessive individualism: we understand that each individual is the sole owner of their person and their abilities. The less dependent the individual is on others, the freer they are.
We see society as a collection of individual homeowners through the exchange of accumulated goods and services. This theory assumes that each person is looking for their particular benefit
Read More19th Century European Industrialization and Imperialism
The Dominant Europe
The rise of industrialization during the nineteenth century, and especially the huge technological development in Europe, led to the 2nd Industrial Revolution. This meant the fragmentation of the world into two poles: the industrialized countries and non-industrialized ones. In the early twentieth century, the former were imposed on the latter, who were under the direct or indirect influence of Europe, due to its demographic vitality, its commercial and technical superiority,
Read MoreBiological Evolution and Cultural Diversity: A Deep Dive
Evolution as an Explanatory Framework
The word evolution does not explain the origin of species but, according to Charles Darwin, changes from a small living being. Two shades and adaptive biological material:
- Evolution
- Astrophysics
- Psychology
- Artificial intelligence
Life, periodontal, inorganic material, organic matter.
Biological Evolution
No one addressed evolution. Species have become extinct and survived at random. Not anyone who directs the human being is dominant. People should behave as they are,
Read MoreCulture in the Spanish Constitution: An Analysis
Culture in the Spanish Constitution
Introduction:
The Spanish Constitution addresses culture not as a single, general concept, but in relation to specific contexts, often juxtaposed with the notion of ethnicity. This is evident in several articles:
Preamble, Fifth Paragraph: “Promote the progress of culture and economy to ensure a dignified quality of life.”
Section 9.2: “Facilitate the participation of all citizens in political, economic, cultural, and social life.”
Article 25: (Regarding those sentenced
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