Defining Education: Core Concepts and Processes
Defining Education
Numerous definitions of education exist in pedagogy. Certain criteria and concepts help determine if something qualifies as educational.
We will redefine theoretical terms based on their place within a theoretical language, examining their “nomological network”—the logical criteria governing their use.
Defining terms in relation to others fulfills three functions:
- Defining the phenomena the term refers to.
- Establishing when to use a different term.
- Clarifying criteria to distinguish
Understanding Marx’s Alienation: Religious, Political, and Economic
Feuerbach: Religious Alienation
Reality is not the idea, but the subject, specifically humanity. Humans need to understand themselves, projecting their attributes onto an external being called God. This projection is religious alienation. To overcome it, humans must recognize their qualities within themselves, not in a created deity.
For Feuerbach, God represents humanity’s unfulfilled potential. Recognizing this allows humans to strive for what they project onto God.
Marx critiqued Feuerbach, arguing
Read MoreUnderstanding the Millennium Development Goals and Their Impact
O B J E S T I V O D E L M I L E N I O
1. What Are the MDGs?
The MDGs are a declaration by 189 countries in 2000 under the auspices of the United Nations, committed to increasing global efforts to reduce poverty, its causes, and manifestations.
The targets set were for governments to halve the main problems of mankind. These objectives are equally committed to both developed and developing countries. Countries with more resources are committed to increased efforts through official development assistance,
Read MoreNegotiation Strategies: Mastering Tactics & Cultural Nuances
Negotiation: Tactics and Time Management
Negotiation is a process with a beginning, middle, and end, occurring in phases over time.
STEP 1: PREPARE
To prepare, you must:
- Understand the negotiation.
- Identify areas of greatest utility.
- Analyze the negotiators.
- Evaluate possible scenarios.
- Use a checklist.
This requires:
- Systematically examining the subject.
- Knowing the negotiation history.
- Building likely scenarios, including pre-trade agreements and potential breakdowns.
- Analyzing the actors (yourself and others)
18th Century Britain: Hume’s Era
Historical Framework
Hume was born in 1711 in Edinburgh, Scotland, during the ancien régime. European states were absolute monarchies, with power held by monarchs and nobility, while the bourgeoisie rose. The Church maintained influence, though it slowly diminished.
After the 1688 revolution, England moved towards constitutionalism, becoming a model for enlightened countries. Parliament, mainly nobles, acknowledged popular sovereignty. Legislation on rights and freedoms was developed, more so than
Read MoreIndigenous Education in the Americas
Native American Education: Training Citizen-Soldiers
Early Education: Focused on individual personality and societal role. Families provided up to 12 years of education in self-knowledge and general skills.
General Education: Developed by the state, emphasizing political and economic control. Public education was mandatory, inclusive, and androcentric.
Educational Institutions
Tepochcalli (Basic School)
Directed towards commoners, providing elementary lessons and fostering social and national consciousness.
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