Key Theories of Development and Citizenship Rights
Theories of Development and Underdevelopment
Development is a complex and contested concept that carries different meanings in different contexts. Broadly, it refers to the process through which societies improve their economic, political, and social conditions. It is often linked to economic growth, political democracy, modernization, and improvement in human well-being. However, over time, several scholars have proposed different approaches to understanding development, depending on how they view
Read MoreUS Gun Policy, Children’s Rights, and the Impact of Globalization
Source I: Political Cartoon and Gun Culture Criticism
The political cartoon depicts a “Back To School SALE” sign in bright yellow at a gun store, promoting firearms as if they were school stationery. This powerfully criticizes the normalized gun culture and the easy accessibility of weapons, even for children. The source highlights how other countries, and even some people within the U.S., criticize American politics and culture regarding gun rights, particularly due to concerns over children’s safety
Read MoreEvolution of Economic Philosophy: From Smith to Keynes
Adam Smith and Economic Liberalism
Scientists and philosophers have long sought to identify the characteristics of a natural order applicable to human thought and politics. Adam Smith posited that this natural order manifests as economic liberalism.
Key Principles of Adam Smith’s Economic Liberalism
- Inner Order (Small State): Smith advocated for a limited state with four primary functions:
- Defense
- Justice
- Foreign Policy
- Public Administration
Distinctive Features of the UK Constitution
A constitution establishes the fundamental principles upon which the government of a state is organized and defines the relationship between its people and the government. The Constitution of the United Kingdom is unique in nature and stands as one of the oldest in the world.
The following are the salient features of the UK Constitution:
Unwritten Nature
The British Constitution is largely unwritten, meaning it has not been codified into a single document. However, this does not imply that all its
Read MoreKey Economic and Social Development Terms
Essential Economic and Social Terminology
Official Development Assistance (ODA)
Financial contributions from governments designed to promote development. It is often insufficient, not always directed to the poor, and usually provided in the form of loans.
Quality of Life
Assessed by indicators of social well-being such as food, health, education, employment, housing, leisure, consumption, freedom, and the environment.
Social Charter
Adopted in 1989, this text recognizes a series of fundamental rights
The 1876 Spanish Constitution: Monarchy, Dynastic Parties, and Governance
The 1876 Constitution
This is a legal text, specifically the Constitution of 1876. Drafted by the courts and King Alfonso XII, it was enacted in 1876 with the intention of serving all Spaniards.
Historical Context: The Restoration
Following the reign of Isabella II, Spain experienced two distinct political shifts: an attempt at a democratic monarchy under Amadeo I, and a subsequent republic. In response to this instability, the decision was made to restore the monarchy. This led to the ascension of
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