Socialization, Culture, and Civilization: Key Concepts

Socialization: Shaping Individuals and Societies

Socialization is the process by which an individual internalizes the culture of the society in which they live, developing and building their identity as a person. This process continues throughout life, and therefore we can distinguish two phases:

  • Primary Socialization: This is the most important part of the process. It aims to introduce the subject into society and the family. It develops during early childhood. In modern industrial societies, primary
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Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Social Inequality

Functionalism and Conflict Theory

The structural-functional approach is a framework that views society as a complex system with interconnected parts working together to promote stability. This approach focuses on social structure, which are stable patterns of social behavior, and their social functions, the consequences of these patterns for society.

Key Figures in Functionalism

  • Auguste Comte: Emphasized the need for social unity during times of change.
  • Émile Durkheim: Established sociology in French
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Life Story Research: Methods, Focus, and Contributions

Life Story: A Qualitative Research Method

The life story method is based on biographical data, focusing on the individual’s experiences and life trends.

Focus of the Life Story

The primary focus is on a single person’s journey.

Key Aspects of a Life Story

The most important elements are the individual’s life journey and the trends within it.

Is Life Story Research Scientific?

Yes, it is based on empirical data, objective documents, photos, monuments, and personal experiences.

Contributions of the Chicago

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Constitutional Court Rulings on Language Models in Education

The Constitution’s silence on the school language model has allowed the Constitutional Court to rule in favor of two approaches. The special nature of this matter and the different socio-linguistic circumstances of the “bilingual territories” of Spain would not make it appropriate to exchange these formulas and apply a single solution across the country. Different linguistic realities cannot have unique solutions.

Not in all cases of language contact is it desirable or possible to pursue integration

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Spanish Restoration: Political Stability, Social Conflicts, and Literary Response

The Spanish Restoration: A Period of Transformation

The return of the monarchy ushered in a new era of political stability, characterized by a power-sharing dynamic between two prominent leaders, Cánovas and Sagasta. This system initially fostered stability, growth, and international engagement, allowing Spain to regain some standing in Europe. However, this progress also led to increased urbanization, industrial expansion in Catalonia and the Basque Country, and a rise in social conflicts.

Social

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Three Schools of Thought on Democracy’s Rise

1. Modernization Theory

This theory posits that economic development leads to democracy. Key aspects of this development include:

  • Free Market
  • Secularization
  • Urbanization
  • Industrialization

Democracy is seen as a result of social and economic modernization, which spreads globally due to globalization.

Seymour Martin Lipset, in his seminal 1959 work “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy,” argued that modernization is a universal experience. As the world modernizes,

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