Umayyad Architecture: Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba
Umayyad Architecture: The Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba
The Mihrab and Skylight Chapel
The old constructs of the Mihrab Skylight Chapel were designed to sublimate the space and the recollection of the mihrab. In the ninth century, other work was done. The emir, Muhammad I, son of Abd-al Rahman II, spoke in the mosque at the gate of St. Stephen. The whole area of the arch and its decorative elements were reformed. An inscription on the lintel in Kufic lettering states that Muhammad I performed the remodeling
Read MoreCulture and Power: Shaping Society and Media Influence
Culture in Social Anthropology
In social anthropology, culture refers to the acquired knowledge about humanity. It is knowledge about humanity that is learned or acquired, not natural. It includes all aspects of human activity, from everyday behavior to the development of technology. Culture is acquired; it is something we are not born with but something we are born into. It is something we learn by being a member of society through the process of socialization. As it happens in a group, it is also
Read MoreUnderstanding Human Society: A Sociological Perspective
Sociology is a branch of the social sciences that uses systematic methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop and refine a body of knowledge about human social structure and activity.
Historical Roots of Sociology
Sociology has its roots in significant social changes:
- The Industrial Revolution.
- The creation of empires.
- The Age of Enlightenment and scientific reasoning.
Early practitioners developed the discipline as an attempt to understand these social changes.
The Scope of Sociology
Sociology
Read MoreIndia’s Post-Independence: Poverty and Philosophical Legacy
The Inner Feelings of a Stranger: Post-Independence India
This poem paints a vivid picture of India’s impoverished population after Independence. The poet observes that the Indian subcontinent has the largest number of poor people in the world. He sees the entire East (people from oriental countries) reflected in India itself soon after its independence.
The phrase “latent diseases” refers to the dire living conditions of Indians at the time. The poet notices misery and despair due to the never-ending
Read MoreSpanish Constitution of 1812: Principles and Impact
Principles of the Constitution of 1812
The Constitution of 1812 established several key principles:
- National Sovereignty: This was one of the most controversial issues. Juan Nicasio Gallego supported full national sovereignty, a position that ultimately triumphed in the Courts of Cadiz.
- Separation of Powers: The executive power was handled by the king, who had a two-year suspensive veto. The judiciary was limited to courts of law.
- Freedom of the Press: Although partial, it authorized any citizen to
Production Relations and Socialization: Marxist and Sociological Concepts
Production Relations: A Marxist Perspective
Production relations (German: Produktionsverhältnisse) is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx in his theory of historical materialism and in Das Kapital. They are the relationships that individuals produce, that is, social relations established among producers, the conditions under which they exchange their activities and participate in the production process. This is because in production, people not only act on nature but also act upon each other,
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