Understanding Nature, Culture, and Human Society
Item 7: Nature, Culture, and Human Society
1. The Meaning of Nature
- Generic Sense: The entire natural cosmos, as opposed to the realm of the supernatural, divine, or sacred.
- Production Sense: That which is not a human product, not made by humans, not artificial.
- Omnibus Sense: A set of characteristics of a “type of cases,” i.e., its essence.
- Ethological Sense: That which is genetically encoded, inborn, that you are born with, as opposed to that which is socially learned.
2. Culture: Anthropological Meaning
Read MoreLinguistic Conflict, Minority Languages, and the Evolution of Galician
Linguistic Conflict
Linguistic conflict arises when two languages compete to fulfill all possible functions. This often leads to the formation of two distinct forms of language: the hegemonic language and the minority language. The hegemonic language, possessing greater sociocultural prestige, is used in all formal situations and becomes the standard. The minority language, with less social and cultural prestige, is relegated to informal use and often lacks standardization.
These conflicts can arise
Read MoreRousseau’s Political Legitimacy and Democracy
Legitimacy as People’s Will: Rousseau
Political power is sometimes seen as legitimate in origin, others by its ends. Today, appeals to the source of legitimacy for political power are popular. The first attempt to base political power on the people’s will is made by Rousseau.
The State of Nature, According to Rousseau
The Criticism of Civilization
One of the hallmarks of the Enlightenment movement is the belief in progress. The Enlightenment movement hopes that the triumph of reason will lead to the
Read MoreUnderstanding Collective Representation and Union Rights
Collective Representation of Associations
Unions are non-profit associations of employees whose main goal is to achieve the economic and social progress of their members. This is accomplished through the maintenance or improvement of working conditions. They have standing, as it is maintained, even if partners vary.
Organic Law of Freedom of Association
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Rights included in the right to freedom of association |
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Key Terms in Intercultural Communication Studies
Key Terms in Intercultural Communication
Cultural and Social Concepts
- Anglocentrism: Using Anglo or white cultural standards as the criteria for interpretations and judgments of behaviors and attitudes.
- Diversity: The quality of being different.
- Ethnocentrism: The tendency to think that our own culture is superior to other cultures.
- Global Village: A term used by McLuhan in the 1960s that refers to a world in which communication technology unites people in remote parts of the world.
- Self-reflexivity:
Social Treatment Rules: Definition, Characteristics, and Relation to Law
Social Treatment Rules and Their Description: Connections and Distinctions with Law and Morals
There are some behaviors generally accepted by a social group or community that can be labeled as social customs. Some of them can be described as “not normative” in the sense that despite being a general pattern of behavior, they are not considered as “required” behaviors by the group. They are social customs because they are “regular” (usual) habits of the individuals. For example, carrying
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