20th Century Spanish Literature

Twentieth Century Spanish Poets

Federico García Lorca, Pablo Neruda, Miguel Hernandez, Antonio Gala, Pedro Salinas, Antonio Machado, Juan Ramon Jimenez, Rafael Alberti.

Camilo José Cela

Born: La Coruña, 1916 – Died: Madrid, 2002. Cela lived in Mallorca, where he founded the journal Papeles de Son Armadans. From an early age, he composed poetry with influences from Neruda and Alberti, but his true success lay in prose, cultivating novels, short stories, and travel books.

Works:

  • The Family of Pascual
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A Guide to Different Text Types and Their Linguistic Features

Variety of Texts

1. Humanistic Texts

These texts focus on the human condition and its environment. They are characterized by:

  • Subjectivity and personal reflection
  • Doctrinal or speculative language
  • Use of exposition and argumentation
  • Connotative lexicon and first-person perspective
  • Abstract vocabulary (attributes, actions, states)
  • Technical and common terms
  • Frequent adjectives and syntactic subordination
  • Explanatory terms and appositions (e.g., Madrid, capital of Spain)

2. Scientific and Technical Texts

These

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Introduction to Syntax: Sentence Structure and Types

1. Introduction to Syntax

1.1. Definition of Syntax

Syntax is the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of sentences and their components (phrases).

1.2. Defining a Sentence

Defining a sentence precisely can be challenging. From a psychological perspective, a sentence is a meaningful set of words. From a prosodic viewpoint, it’s a set of words between two pauses. Logically, it’s the spoken expression of a thought.

In grammar, a sentence is defined as an ordered set of words related to a verb

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Coordinated & Subordinated Sentences in Spanish Grammar

Coordinated Sentences

1.1 Classification

1.1.1 Coordinated Copulative Sentences

Proposals that combine their meanings.

  • Conjunctions: y (and), e (and), o (or)
  • Example: Él llegó a casa temprano e hizo sus deberes. (He came home early and did his homework.)

1.1.2 Coordinated Disjunctive Sentences

Proposals that deny the claim of the other (mutually exclusive).

  • Conjunctions: o (or), u (or), bien (either)
  • Example: ¿Te gusta el Carnaval de Cádiz o prefieres el de Tenerife? (Do you like the Carnival of Cadiz
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Formal Texts: Letters, Resumes, and Official Documents

Formal Texts

Letters and Resumes

1. The Letter

A letter is a brief communication from one person to another, typically sent in an envelope. There are various types of letters, depending on the subject, purpose, and relationship between the sender and recipient.

Types of Letters:

  • Personal Letter: Uses a casual and informal tone, addresses family or friends, and focuses on personal matters.
  • Formal Letter: Uses a respectful and formal tone, addresses professional, business, or administrative matters. Key
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Effective Listening Skills Lesson Planning & Project-Based Learning

A Framework for Planning a Listening Skills Lesson

Developing strong listening skills empowers students to become more independent learners and improves their vocabulary and grammar. A structured approach to listening lessons includes three key phases:

Pre-Listening

Prepare students by motivating them with interesting text selections and engaging tasks. Arouse curiosity and provide context. Explain any specific vocabulary or expressions they may encounter.

While Listening

Focus student attention and

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