Automatic Control Systems: Types and Components
Automatic: All have a similar structure: a sensor, a controller, and a trigger.
A sensor measures a physical quantity like temperature. Sensors capture information from the environment and are used to measure physical quantities, such as velocity or temperature.
A controller circuit uses the information provided by the sensor to activate or deactivate a radiator, for example. The controller in an automatic system can be anything from a simple electrical circuit to a computer.
A trigger is responsible
Read MoreUnderstanding Cybercrime: Types and Threats
What is Computer Crime?
Computer crime, also known as cybercrime, is an act performed by a knowledgeable computer user, sometimes referred to as a hacker, that illegally browses or steals a company’s or individual’s private information. In some cases, this person or group of individuals may be malicious and destroy or otherwise corrupt the computer or data files.
What is Computer Sabotage?
Computer sabotage (also known as cyber sabotage) is recognized as malicious acts that disrupt the normal processes
Read MoreHard Disk Drives, Optical Units, and File Systems
The processing of information is important, but it requires a storage system. It is necessary to have systems that can save information, at least for a limited time. The evolution of these systems has been guided by two key parameters: storage capacity and speed.
Hard Disk Drives
A hard disk memory storage system is valid, as it was some time ago, but its volatility makes it unsuitable for long-term data retention. This is where the need for hard drives arises. A hard drive is hermetic, and its
Read MoreComputer Networks: Types, Devices, and Protocols
A computer network consists of a set of computers and other devices connected physically or wirelessly, with the aim of sharing resources. There are networks with servers and peer-to-peer networks.
Network Types
- LAN (Local Area Network): A network within a limited area, like a home or office.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): A network spanning a large geographical area, like a city or country.
- NIC (Network Interface Card): A component that allows a computer to connect to a network.
LANs typically have two types
Read MoreElectric Motor Components and Operation Explained
Electric Motor Components and Operation
The constitution of the electric motor comprises a casing, a fixed part or stator, and a rotating part or rotor:
Stator
The stator is a cylindrical ring composed of metal plates made and fitted under pressure into the motor housing. Its entire surface has available slots in which drivers are housed in the windings.
Rotor
The rotor rotates around the same axis as the stator. It consists of a cylinder formed by electrical sheets also pressed, with slots in its periphery.
Read MoreControl Systems, Automation, and Robotics
Control Systems
A control system is a set of devices within a machine designed to manage and regulate the behavior of a specific variable. For a machine to operate automatically, a control system is essential.
Open Loop Control Systems
These systems operate for a predetermined time, irrespective of environmental changes. They function based on a preset value, known as the setpoint. Examples include dishwashers, washing machines, and basic radiators.
Schematic: Input Devices – Control Devices – Output
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