Understanding Robotics: Sensors, Actuators, and Control Systems
Robotics: Sensors, Controllers, and Actuators
A temperature controller-sensor measures the environment’s temperature. Based on this information, the driver activates or deactivates the actuator, which in this case is a radiator.
Sensor input → Driver → Actuator output
A control system is a group of elements that automates a process:
- Entry: Gathers information.
- Output: Responds to this information.
Types of Control Systems
Open Loop
Activated regardless of the output.
Closed Loop
Uses a sensor; the entry
Read MoreWide Area Networks: Characteristics, Technologies, and Protocols
Wide Area Networks
5: Wide Area Networks. Characteristics:
- Circuit Switching (CC): Involves the existence of a path between two stations, which is a sequence of links connected between the network nodes (switches) to allow information transfer.
- Packet Switching (CP): The information is chopped into small blocks of information.
Different Technologies: CC and CP. They differ in that switch nodes link the information between communication points.
Circuit Switching (CC)
Involves the existence of a path between
Read MoreMySQL Commands Cheat Sheet for Windows: Basic Usage
MySQL Commands Cheat Sheet for Windows
This cheat sheet provides a quick reference to basic MySQL commands for Windows users.
Creating Databases
Command: create database foo;
Showing MySQL Databases
Command: show databases;
Connecting to MySQL Database (Method 1)
Note: Navigate to your MySQL installation directory, then to the /bin directory.
Command: mysql -u usernamehere -p
Connecting to MySQL Database (Easiest Method)
Command: In Windows, type “MySQL” in the search bar and click on the “MySQL v x.x Command
Read MoreSecond Industrial Revolution: Innovations & Global Impact
The Second Industrial Revolution
The period between 1870 and 1914 marked the second phase of economic development, characterized by new energy sources and industries. This era saw the concentration of business and finance, increased competition in international trade, and the decline of British industrial supremacy.
New Sources of Energy and Industry
The relationship between research and business intensified, with patents protecting inventions created in numerous laboratories. All sectors were affected,
Read MoreMotherboard Components and Functionality: A Detailed Look
Motherboard Components and Functionality
This document details key aspects of a motherboard, including its components and their functions.
1. Key Components
- Username, Hardware, Software: Basic information categories.
2. Ratios
Important ratios related to computer components:
- Input Devices: Keyboard
- Processing Devices: Memory
- Output Devices: Network Card
- Storage Devices: DVD
3. Software Categories
Major software categories:
- Application Software
- System Software
- Utilities
4. Microprocessor Socket
The microprocessor
Read MoreEssential Tools and Materials for Crafting and Textiles
Measuring Tools: Ruler, protractor, carpenter’s square.
Drawing Marks and Lines: Punch, pencil, and a permanent marker.
Cutting Tools: Scissors, utility knife, jigsaw, punch, and hot wire cutter.
Drilling Tools: Tap, hand handle, and a drill.
Filing and Sanding Tools: File, sandpaper, belt sander, and an orbital sander.
Joining Tools:
- Temporary: Bolts, nuts, and washers.
- Permanently: Heat sealer and hot air welder.
Textiles:
- Wool: Produced by sheep. It