Network Transmission Media Types and Cabling

Transmission Media

Transmission media is the physical support that facilitates the transport of information. Its quality depends on its characteristics.

Transmission media can be:

  • Mechanical
  • Electrical
  • Optical
  • Electromagnetic

Note:

  • The estimated investment for a cable installation should be around 6% of the total project cost.
  • Approximately 70% of network problems are due to wiring faults.

Metallic Wiring Systems

Copper Cable

Copper cable is a common format for metallic wiring systems.

Advantages:

  • Simple and
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Mechanical Principles: Simple Machines, Gears, Transmissions

Machine Definition and Types

A machine is a device capable of reducing the effort required to perform mechanical work.

It consists of a group of mechanical elements, each performing a specific function or task within the overall machine.

Types of Machines

  • Simple Machines: Require only one point of support.
  • Compound Machines: Formed by two or more simple machines.

Principal simple machines include the lever, inclined plane, wedge, screw, pulley, and winch. Examples of compound machines include bicycles

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Aerial Device Classification: Features and Requirements

  • Aerial Device Classification: Must reach at least 65ft above grade.
  • Quint (50–75): Tank & Pump Size – Supply/Attack Hose Lines – Ladders & Waterways.
  • Water Tower (50–130): Below Horizontal to 90° & flows 1000gpm.
  • Articulating Aerial Platform (55–85): Boom Sections with hinge. Up & Over.
  • Aerial Ladder Apparatus (50–135): Most Common /WH: Ground to highest rung.
  • Combo Telescoping/Articulating Aerial Device (90 – 174)
  • Aerial Ladder Platform (85–110): Straight-Chassis 3-axle,
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Fundamentals of Control Systems, Automation, and Robotics

Control Systems and Automation Concepts

Control System Definition

A control system is a set of devices integrated into a machine used to manage or regulate its behavior, ensuring a specific magnitude (like temperature, speed, or position) varies as desired. For a machine to operate automatically, it must incorporate a control system.

Types of Control Systems

Open-Loop Control Systems

These systems operate for a predetermined duration or sequence, irrespective of changes occurring in the environment during

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Understanding Electronics: Components, Current, and More

Understanding Electronics: Components and Principles

Electronics is the science and technology that deals with the study of electrons and their applications in the processing and transmission of information.

Early Electronic Components: Vacuum Valves

Thermionic vacuum valves are considered the first electronic component. New findings were encouraging, leading to the development of radio, television, radar, and control systems. This culminated in the construction of the first computer (called ENIAC)

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Cloud Computing: Storage, Architecture, and Migration

Data Storage Comparison

DASNASSAN
Storage directly connected to a single serverCentralized storage accessible over a networkHigh-performance, block-level storage network
Directly attached via SATA, SAS, USB, or ThunderboltConnected via Ethernet (TCP/IP)Connected via Fibre Channel (FC) or iSCSI
Uses file system of the host (NTFS, HFS+, ext4, etc.)Uses file-based protocols (NFS, SMB, CIFS)Uses block-level protocols (iSCSI, Fibre Channel)
Limited by server expansion slotsEasily expandable by adding more
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