Introduction to Simple and Complex Machines
Machines
Definition
A machine is a set of parts or organs coupled together, allowing direct or regulated action of a force with the goal of performing a job.
Components
A machine is formed by the structure and mechanisms. The mechanisms are coupled to each piece.
- Structure: The bench, supports, feet, frame, etc.
- Mechanisms: The axles, wheels, guides, pulleys, gears, crank, etc.
Types of Movement
The types of movement that a machine makes are:
- Straight: The move follows a straight-line trajectory, both vertically
Around Machining Processes: Turning Operations and Lathe Types
ITEM 4: AROUND MACHINING PROCESSES
Production of Round Parts
Small parts: Screw hinge mount gafas.
Large parts: Rollers, rolling rings of wind generators.
Method of Work
Work part rotation. Turning raw billet. Turning of parts made with other processes (casting, forging, etc.).
The tool moves by removing material and forming the desired shape.
Major Movements
Feed Rate (f) [mm/rev]
Is the displacement of the tool during a swivel around the workpiece.
Depth of Cut (d) [mm]
Half of the difference between the
Read MoreFluid Mechanics: Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
Properties of Fluids
Liquids
In hydraulic circuits, an incompressible fluid like oil is used to transmit power. Other liquids, such as water, can also be used. Liquids have a definite volume and are not easily compressed.
Gases
Pneumatic circuits utilize compressible fluids, primarily air. Air, being a mixture of gases, behaves as a single gas with no definite shape or volume. It conforms to the shape of its container.
Pressure
Fluids exert force on the walls of their containers. This force per unit
Data Center Security: A Comprehensive Guide
Data Center Security
Fire Safety
Dampers
Dampers at air vents and AC outputs shut down manually or automatically during fires, preventing the spread of fire, smoke, and fumes.
Fire Detectors
- Optical: Photoelectric technology generates a light beam. Smoke entering the detector obscures the beam, triggering the alarm.
- Ionic: Detect combustion particles. Smoke reduces air ionization, interrupting the current between electrodes and activating the alarm.
- Thermal: Trigger an alarm upon sudden temperature changes
Understanding Explosives: Types, Mechanisms, and Ignition
What is an Explosive?
An explosive is a material that undergoes rapid decomposition or oxidation when initiated by heat or electric shock. This process releases gaseous compounds that occupy a significantly larger volume than the original material. The rapid expansion displaces large volumes of air, creating a sonic boom due to the expansion rate exceeding the speed of sound.
Types of Explosives
High-Order Explosives
High-order explosives detonate. Detonation occurs only in high-order explosives and
Read MoreElectrical Cable Protection: Overcurrent, Overvoltage & Fault Detection
Protection Against Overcurrent and Overvoltage
The goal of protecting cables and limiting surge currents is to prevent them from exceeding their maximum allowable temperatures and to prevent potential fires.
Overloads
A facility or part of it is considered to be subject to an overload when, for some time, it is traversed by a current greater than the normal or assigned current, without any malfunction or failure in the installation. In short, the surge produces a reduction in the life of conductors.
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