Plastics Compounding: A Deep Dive into Polymer Additives
Plastics Compounding and Additives
What is Plastics Compounding?
Plastics compounding involves customizing raw plastic materials using various additives to meet specific color, property, and performance requirements.
Compounding Ingredients for Polymers
Various additives modify base polymers, expanding their applications. Key ingredients include:
- Resins: Act as binders, holding constituents together. Determine molding methods. Resin content in the final product ranges from 30% to 100%.
- Plasticizers:
Thermochemical Treatments, Corrosion, and Engines
Thermochemical Treatments
These treatments aim to enhance hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.
Cementing
This process involves adding carbon to steel.
Carbonitriding
This process involves adding nitrogen and carbon to steel.
Nitriding
This process involves adding nitrogen to steel.
Corrosion
Corrosion is the progressive deterioration of a material due to an oxidizing agent. It typically occurs in moist environments, while oxidation occurs in hot and dry environments.
Types of Corrosion
Uniform
Plastic: Properties, Types, Manufacturing, and Applications
The term plastic, in its most general sense, applies to substances of different natures and structures that lack a fixed boiling point and possess elasticity and flexibility over a temperature range, allowing them to be molded and adapted to different forms and applications. In a narrower sense, however, it denotes certain synthetic materials obtained by polymerization or artificial propagation of carbon atoms in the long molecular chains of organic compounds derived from oil and other natural substances.
Read MoreFiber Optics in Communication: Advantages, Applications, and Technology
Fiber Optics
To surf the internet, you need more than just a computer, a modem, and software; patience is also key. Cyberspace can be slow. Users may wait minutes for a page to load or hours to download a program.
This slowness is because phone lines—how most of the 50 million users connect to the internet—were not designed to carry the volume of video, graphics, and text that travels across the network.
However, phone lines are not the only way to access cyberspace. Fiber optic internet service
Read MoreElectrical Distribution Networks: Aerial and Underground Systems
1. Definition and Types of Distribution Networks
A distribution network, whether public or private, distributes electric power. It’s defined by the voltage between a phase conductor and earth or between two phase conductors for directly grounded facilities, and by the voltage between two phase conductors for facilities not directly linked to ground.
2. BT Airline Installation Methods
- Installed on facades or walls.
- Installed on supports.
- Stretched over supports.
- Stretched on walls.
3. Common BT Airline
Read MorePneumatic Systems: Components, Operation, and Maintenance
Item 4: Spare Tire and Circuits
1. Pneumatics and Compressed Air
Pneumatics studies the movement of air under pressure or vacuum. Since 1950, its industrial application began with automation and rationalization. Basic pneumatic circuits consist of: Compressor-Air Tank-Pipes-Maintenance Unit-Quick Connectors-Pressure Hose-Actuator (motor, cylinder, blow gun).
Properties:
- Inexpensive
- Air is easily transported and can expel foreign matter
- Pressure tanks can store energy
- Less sensitive to temperature variations