Techniques for Temporal Orientation and Mobility Skills

Posted on Mar 14, 2025 in Physical Education

Temporal Orientation Techniques

  • Psychostimulation: Psychological therapy addresses situations where a person experiences limited sensory stimulation, either due to an impoverished environment or a lack of motivation.

This technique involves exercises to stimulate tactile, auditory, gustatory, visual, and olfactory sensations, as well as perceptions of heat, cold, movement, body position, and internal organ activity. Activities include drawing or painting workshops, listening to music, learning to play an instrument, participating in a choir, pet care, exercise, massage, and organizing leisure, cultural, educational, or intergenerational events. The objectives are to maintain and improve communication, mobility, and the user’s interaction with the environment.

Reality Orientation

Encourages user memory of past events by reconstructing experienced situations or familiar environments. There are two types of activities:

  • The Reality Orientation Program (OR): Structured group sessions, no longer than one hour, daily or several times a week, at the same time, on the same days, in the same place. These sessions actively work on memory aspects, basic vocabulary, family, and fine motor skills.
  • Reality Orientation – 24 Hours (OR-24): Works on the person’s orientation through environmental stimulation.

Reminiscence

Establishes dialogue and interaction between the professional and the user by evoking past events. This is achieved through stimuli such as songs, movies, social events, or significant old objects.

  • Simple Reminiscence: Recalling the past to give meaning and strengthen the person’s self-esteem in the present.
  • Informative Reminiscence: Remembering past memories and acquiring current content.
  • Life Story: Remembering events experienced by the person to help them integrate an appropriate self-image in the face of death.

Understanding Mobility Skills

Mobility is the capability that allows a person to move or be moved. It involves two basic types of actions:

  • Displacement: The movement that allows a person to go from one place to another independently or with assistance or support.
  • Transfer or Relocation: Mobilization in which one or more people move a third party.
  • Passive Motion: Occurs when the patient is totally disabled.
  • Controlled Mobility: The patient has minimal reaction, always referring to the neck and head, allowing for participation or automatic reflection in the transfer.
  • Assisted Mobility: The user can actively assist in the transfer.

Observation Points

In the Area of Mobility

  • Actions or movements that the user can perform alone or with help.
  • The time needed to perform different actions.
  • The effort involved.
  • Coordination of movement.
  • Sufficient strength in legs and/or arms.

Regarding Spatial Orientation

  • The domain over the use and identification of specific spatial concepts.
  • The elements of space that are identified and remembered more easily.
  • How many concepts or conceptual systems (addresses) can be remembered and for how long.

Regarding Temporal Orientation

  • The domain over the use and identification of basic and specific time concepts (e.g., “What time is it?”).
  • The activities that are identified, organized, and remembered more easily (meals, social activities, medical visits, etc.).