The Renaissance: A Rebirth of Art, Architecture, and Humanism
The Renaissance expresses a movement and a time when there was a return to the study and imitation of literature, art, and philosophy of Greek and Roman antiquity. In painting, this classical renewal was achieved through the study of nature and the implementation of the laws of perspective. This art was also influenced by Greco-Roman architecture and sculpture.
The foundations of this renewal were several, but the most prominent was Humanism, which emphasized the central role of man and his actions. The anatomy of man was the subject of careful study by scientists, who meticulously drew their findings, often engaging the scientific role of the painter. A painter was expected to have deep knowledge of theology, history, and mythology to be able to represent history accurately. This turn to focus on the human was not a neglect of the divine; on the contrary, the divine was perceived from a human perspective to confer greater significance: God was clearly designed to human reason, rather than limiting it to the printing of the faith. For a convenient representation of history and character of labor, a painter should master three branches of knowledge: for humans, be it anatomy and physiology; also, they had to study mythology, classical languages, and theology for a worthy representative of the scenes, dresses, and environments. The conquest of the third dimension was strengthened by placing the figures in a landscape or interior, as well as the sheer size of the figure providing the depth, as is the fact of moving in an airspace around them. Most of the artistic production remained devoted to religious topics, with three main purposes: to enhance the security of preaching, achieving and maintaining true thrill of dogma through the images. But momentum was introduced into secular painting on one hand the portrait germinates representing the patron of painters or effigies representing knowledge, both modern and ancient, on the other the invasion of Florentine Platonism pagan representations are adjusted to Christianity. Reason is recovered by relying on the reintroduction of classic wisdom: the texts of antiquity that were treasured translated. It begins with the portrait force pump, mythologies are introduced, usually with a religious background and even mysterious, this stage is when artists begin in signing their works, biographical information is collected by connoisseurs in art, and his theories are impregnated high intellectual development.
The Renaissance is divided into two hemispheres, the Quattrocento or fifteenth century and the Cinquecento or XVIth century.
In the Renaissance, its members refer to themselves as Renaissance men, and inaugurating a new age, the modern age, as opposed to the Middle Ages, a link of transition between the grandeur of classical antiquity and his own time. Quattrocento is called the period for the XV century Italian art fall within the current renaissance, being thus also the implementation of the designation of First Renaissance Bass Renaissance to describe that moment.
Will this be a century of discovery by the artistic community for which the republic of Florence headquarters will constitute the same, with the support of patronage held by large families like the Medici and the extraordinary economic development to be the protagonist. The return to classical forms of Renaissance art features will be felt in the architecture of the time throughout the series of motifs from antiquity, such as garlands, grotesques, Corinthian capitals, etc. However, the main innovation lies not so much in the way structural design, the significant change over the passage of the Middle Ages to the Modern Age materialized in the substitution of religious thought by the critical spirit and empiricist will have consequences on the way of perceiving space and time (which in turn affect the architecture of the time.)
In front of the verticality of the Gothic cathedral itself (symbol of the attempt of union with God), the Renaissance is the horizontal aiming l the main protagonist, with the perspective that specifically look at a vanishing point, and proportionality between the parties. In addition, questions are now central to the construction plan, not only by the influence of the classical heritage but also because they are much more suited to the”exten” of human perception that the longitudinal.
The interior spaces are designed so that man may range from a glance, breaking with tradition and sequentially fragmented in the Middle Ages (medieval art needed more”tim” to be fully appreciated, compared to what happens to the Renaissance, which is intended that the entire composition can be understood at once). These will be unitary, light and airy, well, in the pursuit of structural coherence against the use of mathematics when designing the building