The Seven Sacraments of the Catholic Church
Sacrament | Other | Field | Form | Minister | Subject | Effects |
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Baptism | Introduction to Christianity. | The water represents the regeneration of the spiritual life. | In the West the way it is “I baptize you in the name…” | Is considered ordinary minister bishop, priest and deacon. | Every human being who has not received baptism can access it. | The forgiveness of sins. Union with Christ given by the sacramental character, the gift of the Holy Spirit, being the adopted son of God the Father, become a member of the Church. |
Confirmation | To confirm and strengthen the grace received in baptism. | The imposition of hands and anointing with chrism. The chrism is prepared with olive oil mixed with perfume. | The imposition of hands, and confirmation is the sign of our participation in Christ’s mission. The assignment, coupled with the anointing, express the indelible character with which we have been marked. | In the Latin Church the ordinary minister of Confirmation is the bishop. | Be administered to the faithful around the age of discretion (seven years). Or the old episcopal conference considers a given (in Spain in about 14 years) |
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Communion Eucharist | Sacrifice of the Body and Blood of Jesus. | It has to use unleavened bread, wheat and recent. The wine must be pure, the fruit of the vine, natural and genuine, no foreign substances and not altered. It is mixed with a little water. | “Do this in remembrance of me” | Only validly ordained priests can validly celebrate the Eucharist. | Every baptized can and should be admitted to communion unless you have a disability. |
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Penance | Sacrament of forgiveness, repentance and confession of sins. | Contrition, confession and penance compliance, although since the beginning of theological reflection about the penance was difficult to determine the subject matter of this sacrament. | It consists of the sentence of the priest: “I absolve you from your sins in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.” | The presiding bishop used only public penance, because since he became general private penance and to reiterate the minister was the priest. | Any person who, having committed a serious or venial sin, go to confession with the proper dispositions, and has no impediment to receive absolution. | Reconciliation with God and forgiveness of sins. |
Anointing of Sick | Links more closely to the patient to the Passion of Christ. | Oil blessed each year at the Chrism Mass of Holy Thursday. | Do three times the sign of the cross on the forehead and hands each of the patient. Meanwhile, the priest repeated: “Through this holy anointing and his love and mercy, the Lord will help you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. So that frees you from sin, salvation and grant you comfort you in your illness. Amen.” | Only priests or bishops can be ministers of this sacrament. | The subject must be baptized and have use of reason, In addition, you must have the intention to receive and manifest. |
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Holy Orders | Sacrament by which the mission entrusted by Christ to his apostles. | It is the imposition of hands. | These are the words mean determining or sacramental purposes such imposition of hands. | Consecrated bishop is the minister of the sacrament of order. | Ordering is required to be male. As for the legality requires the following conditions: Carry out the tests and prescribed conditions, have the qualities necessary in the opinion of its own bishop or major superior of the religious order, will not affect an irregularity or impediment. | It involves a configuration with Christ that enables a computer to act as representative of him in her capacity as Head of the Church in the three functions of priest, prophet and king. |
Marriage | Celebrating the union of a man and a woman in the community and God. | Since there is nothing natural that the contract has been raised to the order of grace, are the words of consent regarded as the matter of the sacrament, but also the shape as expressed acceptance of the donation that marriage entails. | It is considered that the ministers are the spouses themselves, with the priest a witness who receives, on behalf of the Church, the consent of the husband and wife. | Only those who have the sacraments of baptism, communion and confirmation, besides which do not appear impaired. |
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