The Skeletal System: Anatomy, Functions, and Quiz

Axial Skeletal System


Incorrect

Question 1

Which of the following is not one of the primary functions performed by bones?
A) Mineral storage
B) Protection
C) Hormonal production
D) Hematopoiesis


Feedback: INCORRECT

Mineral storage, protection, and hematopoiesis are primary functions performed by bones. Hormonal production is the primary function of the endocrine system. You should review Functions of the Skeletal System.
Points Earned:0.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):C



Correct

Question 2

Hematopoiesis is carried out in the:
A) osteoclasts
B) osteocytes
C) yellow bone marrow
D) red bone marrow


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The process of blood cell formation, or hematopoiesis, takes place in the red bone marrow where red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets are formed. You should review Functions of the Skeletal System.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):D



Correct

Question 3

The end of a long bone is known as the:
A) diaphysis
B) epiphysis
C) articular cartilage
D) medullary cavity


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The ends of long bones are known as the epiphyses. It is in this area—at the epiphyseal plate—where growth occurs during childhood and adolescence. You should review Structure of Long Bones.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 4

Bone-forming cells are called:
A) osteoclasts
B) osteocytes
C) osteoblasts
D) osteons


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Bone-forming cells are called osteoblasts. These are small cells that synthesize and secrete a specialized organic matrix, which is an important part of the ground substance of bone. You should review Bone Formation and Growth.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):C



Correct

Question 5

The process of bones being formed from cartilage is known as:
A) endochondral ossification
B) epiphyseal calcification
C) concentric lamella
D) collagenous reinforcement


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Endochondral ossification is the process of bones being formed from cartilage. Most of the bones of the skeleton are formed in this manner. You should review Bone Formation and Growth.


Appendicular Skeleton


Question 1

Which is not a part of the axial skeleton?
A) Rib
B) Vertebral column
C) Mandible
D) Clavicle


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The ribs, vertebral column, and skull, which contains the mandible, are all bones of the axial skeleton. You should review Skull and Spine.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):D



Correct

Question 2

Which is not a part of the appendicular skeleton?
A) Coxal bones
B) Parietal bones
C) Radius
D) Clavicle


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The radius, clavicle, and coxal bones belong to the upper and lower extremities, which are part of the appendicular skeleton. The parietal bones are part of the skull and belong to the axial skeleton. You should review Upper Extremities and Lower Extremities.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 3

The axial skeleton consists of:
A) 60 bones
B) 68 bones
C) 80 bones
D) 126 bones


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The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones. It includes the bones of the skull, spine, thorax, and hyoid bone. You should review the Introduction.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):C



Correct

Question 4

The appendicular skeleton consists of:
A) 102 bones
B) 118 bones
C) 126 bones
D) 137 bones


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The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones. It includes the bones of the upper and lower extremities, the shoulder, and pelvic girdle. You should review the Introduction.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):C



Correct

Question 5

Which skull bone articulates with the first vertebra?
A) Temporal
B) Occipital
C) Sphenoid
D) Ethmoid


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The occipital bone lies at the base of the skull and articulates with the first vertebra, which is known as the atlas. You should review Skull.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 6

The __________ bone is the central part of the floor of the cranium and the location of the pituitary gland.
A) nasal
B) sphenoid
C) ethmoid
D) maxillae


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The sphenoid bone forms the central part of the floor of the cranium. The pituitary lies in a depression of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica, meaning “Turk’s saddle.” You should review Skull.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 7

The upper part of the sternum is called the:
A) costal cartilage
B) xiphoid process
C) body
D) manubrium


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The sternum is composed of the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The manubrium is the upper portion of the sternum. You should review Thorax.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):D



Incorrect

Question 8

The ulna articulates proximally with the:
A) carpal bones
B) humerus
C) scapula
D) none of the above


Feedback: INCORRECT

The ulna articulates proximally with the humerus at the trochlea. The olecranon process of the ulna is what you feel as the bony point of the elbow. You should review Upper Extremities.
Points Earned:0.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 9

The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the:
A) tibia
B) fibula
C) coxal
D) femur


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The femur is the longest and heaviest bone in the body. The head of the femur rests in the acetabulum of the coxal bone and allows the thigh to rotate at the hip joint. You should review Lower Extremities.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):D



Correct

Question 10

Metacarpal bones form the framework of the:
A) wrist
B) hand
C) ankle
D) foot


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The metacarpal bones form the framework of the palm of the hand. The metatarsal bones form the framework of the foot. You should review Upper Extremities.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B


Special Features/Joints/Difference in Male/Female


Correct

Question 1

Synarthrotic joints provide slight movement.
A) True
B) False


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Synarthrotic joints provide no movement. The sutures in the skull are immovable joints. You should review Articulations.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):False



Correct

Question 2

The joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane.
A) True
B) False


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The joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane. It holds the bones securely together, but at the same time permits movement at the joint. You should review Diarthrotic Joints.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):True



Correct

Question 3

Hinge joints allow us to turn our head from side to side and rotate it.
A) True
B) False


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The pivot joint allows us to rotate our head and turn from side to side. You should review Types of Joint Movements.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):False



Incorrect

Question 4

Except for size, the male and female skeletons are identical.
A) True
B) False


Feedback: INCORRECT

Several differences are apparent between the male and female skeletons. The size, shape of pelvis, size of pelvic inlet, and pubic angle are different in men and women. You should review Differences in Skeletons.
Points Earned:0.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):False



Correct

Question 5

Freely movable joints are called amphiarthroses.
A) True
B) False


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Freely movable joints are called diarthroses. You should review Articulations.
Points Earned:20.0/20.0
Correct Answer(s):False


Final Module Exam


Question 1

Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
A) Rib
B) Clavicle
C) Radius
D) Coxal bones


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The ribs and sternum (thorax) are part of the axial skeleton. The clavicle, radius, and coxal bones all belong to the appendicular skeleton.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):A



Correct

Question 2

Which bone is part of the appendicular skeleton?
A) Scapula
B) Vertebra
C) Parietal
D) Mandible


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The shoulder (pectoral) girdle, scapula, and clavicle are all part of the appendicular skeleton. The vertebra, parietal, and mandible bones are part of the axial skeleton.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):A



Correct

Question 3

The upper part of the sternum is called the:
A) costal cartilage
B) xiphoid process
C) body
D) manubrium


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The sternum is divided into three areas: the upper part is the manubrium, the middle is the body, and the lower portion is the xiphoid process. Costal cartilage attaches the ribs to the sternum.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):D



Correct

Question 4

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the:
A) epiphysis
B) periosteum
C) diaphysis
D) articular cartilage


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The shaft of a bone is called the diaphysis. The epiphyses are the ends of the bones, the periosteum is the connective tissue covering of a bone, and the articular cartilage is a layer of cartilage that covers each epiphysis.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):C



Correct

Question 5

In bone formation, the cells that produce the organic matrix are the:
A) osteoblasts
B) osteocytes
C) osteoclasts
D) chondrocytes


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Osteoblasts produce the organic matrix that forms bone from cartilage. Osteocytes are bone cells, osteoclasts are bone-reabsorbing cells, and chondrocytes are cartilage cells.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):A



Correct

Question 6

Which of the following is not true?
A) The angle at the front of the female pelvis where the two pubic bones join is wider than it is in the male.
B) The female facial area is more pronounced than that of the male.
C) The iliac crest is more flared in the female than in the male.
D) The male pelvic cavity is narrower than that of the female.


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There is no significant difference between the facial areas of the male and female skeleton. There is significant difference between the sexes in the size of the skeleton, shape of pelvis, size of pelvic inlet, and pubic angle.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 7

A fontanel can best be described as a(n):
A) bone in the skull
B) incomplete ossification area in an infant’s skull
C) articulation between two skull bones
D) small opening


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A fontanel is an incomplete ossification area in an infant’s skull and is also known as a “soft spot.”
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):B



Correct

Question 8

Hormone therapy and dietary supplements of calcium and vitamin D are considered preventive measures for osteoporosis.
A) True
B) False


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Treatment or preventive measures for osteoporosis include hormone therapy and dietary supplements of calcium and vitamin D to replace deficiencies or to offset intestinal malabsorption.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):True



Correct

9.
The coronal suture in the skull is a(n):
A) synarthrosis joint 
B) amphiarthrosis joint 
C) diarthrosis joint 
D) hinge joint 


Feedback: CORRECT

The coronal suture is a synarthrosis joint, which is a nonmovable joint. An amphiarthrosis joint is a slightly movable joint; a diarthrosis joint is a freely movable joint; and a hinge joint is a diarthrosis type of joint.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):A



Correct

10.
The humerus is an example of a(n):
A) long bone 
B) short bone 
C) flat bone 
D) irregular bone 


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The humerus (upper arm) is an example of a long bone. An example of a short bone is a carpal bone, the skull bone is an example of a flat bone, and the vertebrae are irregular bones.
Points Earned:10.0/10.0
Correct Answer(s):A