Understanding Dramatic Genres: Tragedy, Comedy, and More
Dramatic Genres: An Overview
Tragicomedy
Tragicomedy presents a tragic conflict that results in a high heroism linked to ethical values. The hero must overcome an adverse fate. Its components are:
- Recklessness or arrogance of the hero
- Suffering of the hero
- Purifying of the passions
Comedy
Comedy approaches the story from a comic perspective, highlighting human imperfections naturally. The characters are often the same or worse than real people.
Tragicomedy (Revisited)
Tragicomedy mixes comedy and tragedy. Its end is not disastrous, and characters often belong to the nobility and the common people.
Drama
Drama involves a conflict, but it is distinct from tragedy. It often features realistic and bourgeois characters, focusing on the problems of contemporary man.
Auto Sacramental
Auto sacramental is a short piece related to the sacrament of the Eucharist. It is linked to liturgical feasts and describes biblical landscapes and the lives of saints.
Villancicos
In Castilian culture, villancicos are composed poems whose verses are called carols. The rest is called gloss.
The theme is often love and coincides with the jarchas and ballads, often featuring a girl in a rural setting where water becomes important. Characteristic elements include women’s hair, which symbolizes loss of virginity, waiting, and insomnia. Asuencia is common, with adjectives, a prevalence of verbs of movement, nicknames, repetition, and parallelism.
Moral and Religious Poetry
Moral and religious poetry addresses issues related to the economic instability of the 15th century, criticizing the abuse of groups or individuals. Some condemn the world and recommend a stoic attitude.
Religious poetry criticizes corruption and laxity of morals, aiming to provoke feelings of sorrow and pity based on selfless love. It includes joys and sorrows of the Virgin and Christ.
Social Structure
Christian peoples were organized into kingdoms. The character had real power and included all the divine powers.
- Nobility: Dedicated to the tasks of war and had great privileges (ricoshombres / noblemen / knights villains)
- Clergy: Administering the sacraments and preaching Christian doctrine and were privileged. Upper and lower clergy.
- Bourgeoisie: Artisans and merchants who lived in the boroughs.
- Peasantry: Worked the land and had no privileges and were numerous.
- Marginalized: Old age, illness, or widowhood led to many beggars.
Romance
Medieval epic theme: come from an epic poem are recasts. extol the virtues of heroes and kings.
French Issue
Addressing issues of the French epic.
Historical Theme
They concern events in Castilian medieval history.
Border Issue
Border fights between Moors and Christians.
Fiction
Romances of love infidelity, adultery, incest, teasing ….
Bible
Recount episodes from the Bible, pious legends, and stories of Greco-Roman antiquity.
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Literary Motifs
Carpe diem (seize the day), Ubi sunt? (wondering where characters have passed), Post-mortem love, Beatus ille (happy is he).