Understanding Employment Types and Public Job Access
Unemployed: can work: more than 16 years, is retired.
Want to work.
It is seeking employment and cannot find it.
If any of these things is not stationary, for example, if you are unemployed, it could be removed. It is an unemployed person who voluntarily leaves the company.
Officials: People who work for public administration by performing typical government tasks: police, fire, government, justice, teachers.
A staff member is subject to different rules applying to employees (the status of workers does not apply to them). It has the great advantage of stability in employment.
Forms of Access to Public Employment (Official)
Opposition competition and competitive examination.
1. Opposition: It consists of passing a series of tests that are established in the notice.
The tests to be performed can be of very different types:
- Practical: writing machine, sweeping
- Theoretical: multiple-choice test, examination development, verbal, written
Notes are added for all the tests, and thus the total score is obtained.
Some tests may be qualifiers, some may not.
Those who become officials get the best score: If there are 50 positions available, the 50 best marks are selected.
2. Competition: There is no evidence, but points are assigned according to a published scale based on different merits: qualifications, training through courses, experience in the job. Points are added, and the total score is obtained.
3. Competitive Examination: This is the sum of the two systems. The first stage is the opposition, and you get a certain score. The total score (final) is the sum of both phases.
Difficulty:
The difficulty of being an official depends not so much on the extent of the agenda but on the relationship between seats and candidates.
The popular positions (justice, police, etc.) are very difficult as many people apply. It is vital to have information about lesser-known positions, and there is no academy to prepare for them.
The biggest problem in public employment is the information, as it is published in different official gazettes, and nobody reads them every day. Most popular positions include teacher, local police, justice officials, etc. Many academies prepare candidates for what is considered “easy” to access information.
You can prepare yourself and be notified when calls are made, but there are many others, a small minority, who do not prepare in academies and have very few candidates.
Job offers, the foundations of the calls, and the calls are published in:
- Central Administration: BOE
- Junta de Extremadura: DOE
- City Council: BOP (Official Gazette of the province).
They are also posted on bulletin boards and many councils on their websites.
The biggest problem in public employment is the information, as it is published in different official gazettes, and no one sees them every day. Most popular positions (teachers, local police, justice, general bodies, etc.) have many academies preparing candidates, making it easier to access information. You can prepare yourself and be notified when calls are made, but there are many others, a small minority, who do not prepare in academies and have very few candidates.
Public Jobs
Each government publishes a list of positions related to the call. You can prepare and stay informed.
The bases of the call are sometimes published with the requirements (qualifications, age 16 and sometimes older, or similar causes). Being physically fit to perform the tasks, tests conducted, and the syllabus.
The call opens the deadline for submitting an application to participate in the selection process: 10 calendar days.
Internal Promotion
Some positions are covered only by internal candidates, and officials can only choose one level lower.
All calls should reserve 40% of positions for internal promotion for officials of the class immediately below that meet all requirements: qualifications, etc.
The career is the right of all workers and facilitates the administration of this promotion, making it much easier to obtain a position than for external candidates.
Body Attitude as a Requirement
It is always required in the call to be physically fit to perform the duties of the job. Usually, a medical examination is performed to check that attitude; it will be more thorough and demanding the higher the physical requirements of the job. For most jobs: teacher, judge, administrative, being normal is sufficient. For firefighters, police, and similar positions, physical tests are much more specific, including minimum height, proper weight, vision, endurance, strength, elasticity, etc., for which specific athletic-type tests are carried out.
Those with physical disabilities who can perform the tasks are given access to public positions, reserving 5% of the seats, with much less competition by achieving higher grades (minimum 5). If not all reserved seats are filled, the remaining seats are added to the next call.
Private Employment
When a vacancy occurs, the company offers the position. The stand is a job seeker. Supply and demand are in the same places:
.- PCA (Known Relatives and Friends)
The simplest and cheapest way to fill a position is to inform about its existence. If we cannot fill it directly, we use other methods. Many vacancies are filled this way, and it is really about having information that few people possess.
The plugged-in method is something else: someone with power in the company contracts directly with someone for a “compromise” (personal, family, friendship, etc.). For example, placing your child directly.
The Reference Chart: Sometimes a worker who leaves the company calls on his former employer to provide a letter stating that he was a good worker, etc. It is normal for the company to access and make it, even if the worker was regular. The value that companies attach to these letters is very low; it is far more reliable to call the former employer and ask.
Sexpo Offices (Public Employment Service Extremadura)
It is the government agency where employers offer employment and those seeking work (unemployed) can register. If the Sexpo gets an offer that fits your profile, they will call you. The Sexpo never hires directly; it only sends candidates to businesses.
All information can be found at “Extremadura trabajo.es, tab citizen and rettrabaja.es.”
The Sexpo also offers training courses, and other bodies, while the INEM is responsible for the payment of:
- Unemployment benefit: “unemployment,” whose amount and duration depend on salary and work time.
- Unemployment benefit: family support.
Different Forms of Advertisement:
This is to maximize the number of interested parties to know and choose the offer that best suits the required profile: press, magazines, special publications, television, radio, and within the same company.
Offer: Square to Lower Level
It is a good personnel policy because the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
Advantages:
- It motivates the staff to know that they can advertise and makes it easier to find good employees.
- The selection process will be very reliable because we know the applicants.
Cons:
- There are two processes to complete (if you get one level, it is the job of your uploaded free level).
- There are fewer candidates to choose from, and therefore we require less.
It is very important to be timely in promoting or achieving the opposite effect from that intended, which can lead to demotivation among the staff.
Recruitment Companies:
Sometimes the employer or the company prefers to choose a specialized recruitment company. The reasons may include not having the proper means to do so and the need to select the right person.
The services of these companies are expensive, but the cost is amortized by the increased throughput of recruitment.
ETT (Temporary Employment):
By signing the employee with the ETT, it pays the salary and the settlement, but to work at Company X, the employee must obey the orders of the company in all matters relating to their work: the break for breakfast, arrival time, all security measures, etc. The worker must receive the corresponding agreement regarding their working status.
A company may find it more “expensive” to hire through the ETT than directly, yet it can be cost-effective:
.- You save the selection process.
.- You save all the paperwork of contracting, non-renewal, payment of wages, high social security, etc.
.- You have a certain guarantee that the employee is qualified.
.- Any conflicting relationships with the worker are assumed by the ETT.