Understanding Islam: Beliefs, Practices, and History
The 6th Century
In the 6th century, the cube-shaped temple known as the Kaaba was a site of pilgrimage for pagan Arabs in Mecca. They acknowledged the one true God of Abraham and had a faint knowledge of a Supreme Being named Allah. However, their understanding of this Supreme Being was lost over time, and they began worshiping idols as mediators to Him.
Muhammad’s Mission
Muhammad’s mission was to bear witness that the supreme God, called Allah, was the only God. He taught that those who worship Allah will receive a reward, and those who refuse will be punished.
The Hijra
Muhammad’s escape from Mecca to Yathrib became known as the Hijra. It signified a great triumph for the Muslim people and marked the beginning of the Muslim calendar.
Succession After Muhammad’s Death
After Muhammad’s death, the community’s major problem was who would succeed him as the leader of the believers. During this succession problem, those who supported Ali (Muhammad’s son-in-law) became known as the Shiites, and those who argued for Arab tradition became known as the Sunnis.
The Spread of Islam in Africa
Islam spread in Africa through the promotion of literacy, as trade involved written contracts.
The Appeal of Islam
Among Muslims in general, the appeal of Islam was a result of its teachings and miracles. For African Muslims in particular, it offered specific benefits.
Salvation in Islam
Muslims do not believe in salvation through the sacrifice of another. They insist that there is no need for someone to die on the cross or for someone else to suffer for the sins of others.
Faith in Islam and Christianity
Muslims view faith as an intellectual process and a requirement for salvation, directly related to works. In contrast, Christians believe that good works are a result of salvation.
The Five Pillars of Islam
The Five Pillars of Islam represent the duties of a Muslim:
- The Shahada: A brief prayer proclaiming the oneness of God and faith in Islam.
- The Salat: Requires Muslims to pray five times a day toward Mecca.
- Almsgiving, or Zakat: Muslims are expected to give to the poor and sick.
- Sawm: Requires Muslims to fast during the month of Ramadan.
- Hajj: The pilgrimage to Mecca, which every Muslim is expected to make at least once.
Comparing Islam and Christianity
Muslims place their hope in good works on Earth and God’s temporary “forgiveness.” In contrast, Christians place their hope in Christ’s work on the cross and the complete cleansing of sin.
The Need for the Cross
The cross provides a remedy for man’s sin and upholds God’s justice. It offers forgiveness and complete cleansing from sin, giving believers the assurance of salvation. It also demonstrates that God is a God of love.
Approach to Sharing Faith with Muslims
Christians can help Muslims perceive God as a God of love by demonstrating His mercy and compassion in their daily lives.
Attitude Towards Muslims
Christians should show that God intends for them to be channels of blessings, not judgment.
Cultural Considerations
- Avoid distributing tracts that show pictures of Jesus.
- Avoid the use of Western musical instruments in worship services.
- Do what is acceptable and avoid what is forbidden in the local Muslim community.
- Treat the Bible with utmost reverence.
- Wear clothing that is proper for a religious teacher of a holy book.
Ministry to Muslims
In ministry to Muslims, two absolute needs for emphasis are prayer and fasting, which lead believers to the infilling of spiritual power for a Christ-like character and ministry.