Understanding Motivation: Types, Factors, and Strategies
Understanding Motivation: Key Questions and Answers
1. What is the motivation?
R = It explains the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior, especially one that is oriented toward specific goals.
2. What elements did behaviorists use to explain motivation?
R = External stimuli and reinforcement through punishment and rewards or incentives.
3. How do you explain humanistic motivation?
R = It emphasizes the whole person in their needs, freedom, self-esteem, sense of competence, capacity for choice, and self-determination, with its central motifs oriented toward the quest for personal autonomy.
4. What is the cognitive approach to motivation?
R = It is explained in terms of an active search for meaning, direction, and satisfaction with what is done. It states that people are strongly driven by the goals they set, as well as internal representations, beliefs, attributions, and expectations.
5. What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
R = In intrinsic motivation, the individual does not need penalties or incentives for their activity because they have conviction. In extrinsic motivation, the individual is interested in profit or external reward.
6. What is the role of motivation in achieving meaningful learning?
R = It fosters the student’s interest and effort, while the teacher offers leadership and guidance relevant to the situation.
7. What student-related factors influence motivation in the classroom?
R = The type of goals, prospects assumed before the study, expectations of achievement, attributions of success or failure, study skills, anxiety management, and self-efficacy.
8. What factors are worth teaching to promote motivation?
R = Pedagogic performance, interpersonal management of messages and feedback with students, expectations and perceptions of classroom organization, and behavior modeling (i.e., ways in which students are rewarded and penalized).
9. What are the contextual factors?
R = They are the values and practices of the educational community, the educational project, the curriculum, classroom climate, and family and cultural influences.
10. When does learned helplessness occur in people?
R = When people come to believe that events and results in their lives are mostly uncontrollable, lacking confidence in themselves.
11. What causes student anxiety?
R = Poor performance.
12. What factors drive student anxiety?
R = High levels of comparison and competition among peers, severe penalties and punishments, and strong pressures to achieve successful performance.
13. What is the motivation to learn?
R = It requires awareness and deliberate management of variables that define the context of pupil activity and content, assessment tasks, organization of the activity, messages and feedback, interaction patterns, resources, and materials.
14. What is the purpose of support strategies?
R = To optimize concentration, reduce anxiety in learning situations and assessment, and direct attention by organizing activities and study time. They also have an indirect impact on information to be learned, and their role is to improve the level of cognitive functioning of the student, enabling a positive affective disposition.
15. Explain the difference between learning strategies and support strategies.
R = Learning strategies involve students working directly on curriculum content, while support strategies are indirect with respect to information for learning.