Understanding Myths, Logos, and Philosophical Concepts
Sacred Narratives and Philosophical Concepts
Sacred narratives or legends, also known as myths, involve symbols in important events that recount natural and social phenomena. Logos refers to the law governing order in reality, using human reason to uncover this order. It expresses thought, from emotions to scientific law. Essence is what makes something what it is, and nothing else, precluding existence. Dogmatic refers to an uncritical attitude that accepts truth without discussion. Metaphysics studies reality from its principles or causes. Gnoseology is the philosophical discipline that studies human knowledge. Critica involves sifting through, analyzing, distinguishing, choosing, judging, and evaluating. Theocentrism places God at the center of reality’s explanation, with God as the main point of reference. Anthropocentrism sees man as the center of the universe, created by nature. Immanent refers to a principle or cause whose action is within experience or nature, using natural phenomena to explain others. Transcendent exceeds the limits of experience or nature. Quota refers to something that can happen or not, referring to a creature that may or may not exist. Necessity means something is needed; if it ceases to be, it cannot exist. Epistemology is the philosophical discipline that studies the nature and methods of scientific knowledge. Ontology is the philosophical discipline studying being. Mechanicism considers reality as a perfect machine, identifying forces and laws of operation. Heliocentric is an explanation of the universe with the sun at the center.
Myth and Logos: Stages of Understanding
Myth means… The myth is considered an element of explanation of human beings on the world around him during the irrational stage. The word logos… Features know irrational.
- For explanations using supernatural elements.
- Originally comes from the imagination and emotion of human beings.
- Are symbolically represented with anthropomorphic gods.
- Reasoning by analogy are unfounded explanations; there is no reason for them.
- Are unquestioning and uncritical dogmatic explanations.
- Are arbitrary; phenomena happen because of the whims of the gods.
- The world is chaotic; we do not know what will happen.
Rational Stage explanations are not unfounded but are justified by a coherent theory. Rationalist philosophers used reasoned arguments to reject the imagination. Their theories can be tested, are contrasted, and are not based on tradition. They are not arbitrary since it is known that surrounds us and everything that happens happens for a reason and everything is grounded in reality nothing is symbolic theories are criticized and questioned vanishing dogmatic explanations.
Philosophical Periods and Characteristics
Stages of Polytheism and Monotheism Myth Fetish periods metaphysical F ª Antigua Period: BC
- S VI cosmological investigate the universe, nature and arche.
- anthropological study of human beings.
F ª medieval SI * AD * Theocentricism Creationism. creation of the world from scratch. Period F ª modern epistemological heliocentrism and Mechanicism S XV. P. S F ª contemporary Humanist XIX to XXI Focus S man and his society of contemporary thought
Characteristics of Philosophy
- All of reality is its field of study; it is more universal.
- It is a radical knowledge that aims to reach the last explanatory principles.
- It is an objective rational knowledge, rationally understanding and interpreting reality.
- This is a critical rethinking, namely knowledge.
Philosophical Disciplines and Functions
DISCIPLINES: Metaphysics, Ontology, Theodicy, Epistemology, Philosophy of Science, Reason and Senses, Lodge F ª, Language, Science of Man, Sabers practical example: ethics, politics, philosophy, esthetics.
FUNCTIONS OF F ª as universal knowledge.
- Dialogue with other sciences
- Know
- Critical reasoning, abstract thinking
- Practical
- Problems last dimension.