Understanding Population Dynamics and Migration
Population: Key Concepts
Population refers to the number of people living in a specific area.
Reasons for Population Growth:
- Increased availability of resources.
- Higher birth rates than death rates.
- Improved healthcare, leading to longer lifespans.
Population Distribution: This describes how people are spread out across an area.
Population Density: This measures how crowded a place is.
- Sparsely Populated: Few people living in an area.
- Densely Populated: Many people living in an area.
Birth Rate: The number of babies born per 1000 people in a country per year.
Death Rate: The number of deaths per 1000 people in a country per year.
Migration: Movement of People
Migration is the movement of people into or out of an area.
Migrant: A person who moves from one place to live in another.
Reasons for Migration:
- Better job opportunities and higher pay.
- A stronger economy.
- Increased safety and security.
- Better educational opportunities.
- Proximity to family.
Types of Migration
- Rural to Urban: Movement from the countryside to cities.
- Internal: Movement within a country.
- International: Movement from one country to another.
- Seasonal: Movement for a short period.
- Forced: When people are compelled to move.
- Voluntary: When people choose to move.
Push and Pull Factors
Push Factors (reasons to leave):
- Lack of hospitals
- War
- Drought
- Low-paying jobs
- Famine
- Tectonic hazards
Pull Factors (reasons to move to a place):
- Job opportunities with higher pay
- Numerous schools
- Good healthcare
- Entertainment options
- Better lifestyle
- Closeness to family