Understanding the Spanish Job Market and Career Development
Job Market Overview
The job market is where employers and job seekers meet. Offerors are companies and public administrations offering employment. Plaintiffs are individuals aged 16 or older seeking employment or a career change. Full employment occurs when supply and demand are balanced.
Labor Market Composition
The EPA (Labor Force Survey) by INE provides data on the labor market, classifying the population into:
- Inactive: Individuals aged 16+ not in the active workforce (e.g., retirees).
- Active: Individuals aged 16+ employed or available for work.
- Employed: Individuals aged 16+ working at least one hour for pay or temporarily absent.
- Employees: Working for others.
- Non-employees: Self-employed.
- Unemployed: Individuals aged 16+ without work, available, and actively seeking employment.
Employment Policies in Spain
Passive Policies
- Unemployment Benefits: Contributory and assistance levels.
- Retirement.
Active Policies
- Employer contribution subsidies.
- Training programs.
- Job creation support.
Sectoral Distribution of Employment
- Primary Sector: Agriculture, forestry, farming, fishing.
- Secondary Sector: Industrial, energy, mining, construction.
- Service Sector: Commerce, telecommunications, transportation (65% of employment in Spain).
Self-Awareness for Career Development
Personality is the sum of behaviors and characteristics defining an individual. Key aspects include:
- Lessons
- Basic skills
- Thinking, explaining, and understanding experiences
- External influences
- Self-concept
- Expectations
Personality Types
- Conventional: Values rules, traditions, and efficiency.
- Projective: Dominant, energetic, and business-oriented.
- Social: Caring, cooperative, and enjoys helping others.
- Realistic: Practical, objective, and prefers working with objects.
- Intellectual: Independent, curious, and uses intelligence to face reality.
- Artistic: Creative, imaginative, and expressive.
Resources for Job Seekers
PLOTEUS
A portal for learning opportunities in Europe.
EURES
European portal for professional mobility.
Europass
Documents for communicating skills and qualifications across Europe.
Job Search Process
Considerations
- Assessment of capabilities
- Professional sector determination
- Professional profile choice
- Financial claims
- Availability
Occupancy Options
- Employed Persons: Contractual employment.
- Self-Employed: Entrepreneur or autonomous worker.
- Public Sector: Employed by a public authority.
Job Search Methods
- Personal contact
- Internet
- Press jobs
- Employment exchanges
- Spontaneous applications
- Employment services
- Temporary employment
FORMULAS: 
