Understanding the Speculum and Its Legal Significance
Noting the inconsistent provision of Royal Charter and its unlikely existence in the mid-thirteenth century. Secondly, noting that the speculum has been precisely the fact that the Charter initial title of the book so that the nomenclature can be interpreted as referring to a speculum that did exist with that name.
According to this interpretation, Alfonso X ordered the preparation of the speculum and legal work. Due to difficulties in legal policy, the speculum was in crisis, written in 1268, the Royal Charter, which was given in a rather selective and rare manner.
C) The Speculum
This is a legal body composed of five books, in which the laws refer later. Its content is similar to that of the first three games, which abound with literary coincidences. The foreword is similar to the real.
It appears as a work of Alfonso X but is devoid of a specific date. Certain references in the text and concordances of its laws can assure you that it had been drafted since 1255. Although Craddock, a professor in California, stated even now, on May 5 of that year.
What is the meaning of the speculum in the whole of the legislative policy of Alfonso el Sabio?
- For the Church, the monarch was first granted a Royal Charter for Castilla and Extremadura. Aiming at the unification of law, the order writing on speculation, whose production was interrupted as a result of the call date for the Empire, i.e., the set of events relating to his bid for the imperial crown. That vision led him to fail to draw up the items. Consequently, the speculum remains unfinished.
- For Garcia-Gallo, the first work was the speculum Alfonsina, awarded since 1255 to the villages of Castilla. The Royal was later moved to the speculum and legal body. After the death of Alfonso X, the jurists of the court came to rework it, resulting in the emergence of the games. Thus, the speculum is transformed into the games.
For Martínez Díez, the speculum was designed as a work of official and general effect. It was not
- completed and sent to the villages of the kingdom.
D) Rejection of the UDRP, Disputes, and Litigation foreros King
Alfonsina policy faced bitter resistance in Castile. The innovations of the right favoring the power of the monarch, with the intrusion of the real mayor, raised the rejection of magnates and towns that cheered for the restoration of their ancient privileges. The growing unrest in 1272 became a decisive and firm opposition.
Alfonso X capitulated and reversed his simple policy. The king agreed that lawyers of the land could make use of their own jurisdiction in lawsuits, and that they would be judged by the judges of it, without meddling mayors in court. He also pointed out the issues reserved for the king’s court.
The distinction between so-called “litigation foreros” and “King lawsuits” was consumed. Furthermore, in the absence of appropriate standards of municipal statutes, those judges or mayors had to go to the king demanding requirements to comply. Respect for the provisions was compiled in a small collection called New Laws. Moreover, the practical distinction between “suits foreros” and “lawsuits of the King” was included in the so-called Laws of Style.
E) Items
1. The Play: The Size and Content
The games are the most important code in the history of Spanish law and represent the glow of the reception of common law in Castile. This is a model of legal work and appears as a veritable encyclopedia of humanistic doctrine.
The code consists of seven games or books. The division echoes the virtues attributed to the number in ancient pagan and Christian traditions. The first part deals with the sources of ecclesiastical law and order. The second addresses public law. The third deals with the judicial structure and process. The fourth to sixth items collect private law. The seventh accommodates criminal law, with references to the legal status of Muslims and Jews, and religious offenses.
Items in medieval knowledge are poured through the use of Greco-Roman philosophy, biblical texts, patristic and scholastic works, and legal texts. Among