Unified Exam on Research Methods: Key Concepts
Unified Exam on Research Methods
1. A population is a group of ___ who have the same characteristic.
Individuals
2. The first step in the collection of quantitative data involves the identification of the people and places that you wish to study. This means…
Determining whether you will study individuals or entire organizations or a combination of the two.
3. In the following study, what would be the dependent variable in the work? “The impact of adolescent aggression on school climate.”
School climate.
4, Which of the following would be a good number of participants for an experiment?
15
5. When thinking about the INDEPENDENT variable, we should be asking ourselves which of the following questions?
What variables or factors influence the outcomes?
6. Which of the following is a type of probabilistic sampling?
Stratified.
7. After entering the data into a statistical program, you need to determine if there are errors in the data or missing data. This is called…
Cleaning the database.
8. What is a significance level?
A probability level that reflects the maximum risk you are willing to take that any observed differences are due to chance.
9. The H1 hypothesis is also known as…
The alternative hypothesis.
10. If we were to ask ourselves: “Is the sample score (e.g., the mean difference between two groups) probably a wrong estimate of the population mean?” Which of the following inferential tests could we conduct?
Hypothesis testing.
11. When looking for the central tendency of our data, we are using which type of statistics?
Descriptive.
12. What are measures of variability?
The spread of the scores in a distribution.
13. What is a codebook?
A list of variables or questions that indicates how the researcher will code or score responses from instruments or checklists.
14. In qualitative research, how do we identify our research participants and sites?
By purposeful sampling.
15. __record a description of the events, activities, and people.
Descriptive field notes
16. According to Creswell (2012), in qualitative research, we will record information on…
Self-designed protocols that help us organize information reported by participants to each question.
17. Ethical issues need to be considered by the researcher in which of the following types of research?
Quantitative and qualitative.
18. Which of the following best describes the procedure of purposeful sampling?
Intentionally selecting individuals and sites to learn or understand the central phenomenon.
19. Which of the following types of sampling selects individuals who are representative of the population?
Random sampling.
20. If you select certain sites or people because they possess a similar trait or characteristic, you are conducting which type of sampling?
Homogeneous sampling.
21. The best way (according to Creswell, 2012) to build trust between the interviewer and interviewee is…
Abide by all ethical issues in the interviewing process.
22. Which of the following types of sampling selects people or sites who can best help us understand our phenomenon?
Purposeful sampling.
23. Notes made which record personal thoughts that researchers have that relate to their insights, hunches, or broad themes or ideas are known as…
Reflective field notes.
24. A__ is a program that stores data, organizes your data, enables you to assign labels or codes to your data, and facilitates searching through your data and locating specific text or words.
Qualitative data analysis computer program
25. Themes that are surprises and not expected to surface during a study are known as…
Unexpected themes.
26. The process in which the researcher asks one or more participants in the study to check the accuracy of the account is known as…
Member checking
27. What is the first step in analyzing and interpreting your qualitative data?
Collect and prepare the data for analysis.
28. Which of the following would be a good reason to analyze your qualitative data by hand rather than on a computer?
You are analyzing a small database.
29. According to Creswell (2012), analyzing qualitative data requires…
Understanding how to make sense of text and images so that you can form answers to your research questions.
30. According to Creswell (2012), qualitative research is …….., in which you make a personal assessment as to a description that fits the situation or themes that capture the major categories of information.
Interpretive