Urban Living and Health: Challenges and Solutions
Urban Living Vocabulary
Property, luxury, street vendor, overpriced, packed, neighborhood, high-rise, built-up (urbanized), outskirts, congestion (traffic jam), hectic, abandoned, gained, tempted, housing, clashed with, slums (suburbios), firm (agency), worth (value), have a say, along with, litter (trash), risk of, reason for, reaction to, room for, ban on, knowledge of, increase in, agreement on, solution to, need for, lack of, break from, effect on, put a stop to, put wild, put an emphasis on (importance on), put in charge, put something right, run an errand, run out of time, run smoothly, run short of money.
Health and Well-being
Health benefits program, run, health-conscious, prevent, check-up, healthcare, medical insurance, get over, prescription, disorder, gain weight, balanced diet, adjust, assume, take something into account, meet someone’s expectations, schedule, average, productive, siblings, lifetime, pressure, out of a nightmare, blood, shape, turns my stomach, back on your feet, under the weather, on the mend, as fit as a fiddle, as pale as a ghost, at death’s door, as sick as a dog, under control, on second thoughts, on the contrary, out of the question (impossible), out of the ordinary (unusual), by no means, in high demand, to your advantage, in the mood, in detail.
Grammar: Defining and Non-Defining Relative Clauses
- Who/That: Used for people.
- Which/That: Used for objects and animals.
- When/That: Used for a moment in time.
- Where: Used for a place.
- Whose: Refers to possession.
- Non-defining clauses: Cannot use “that”. Example: Anna, who is an expert, got a…
Examples of Relative Clauses
- The coffee shop where I like studying.
- The movie that we watched.
- This restaurant taught me.
- The reason why I went.
- The hotel guests, all of whom had to.
- Fred, who has always lived in.
- That’s the shop in which I bought.
- Josy, whose life is a.
Grammar: Passive Voice
Past Simple: was/were + past participle (served/cared) Present Simple: is/are + past participle (is serving/are being served) Past Continuous: was/were + being + past participle (were being served) Present Perfect: has/have + been + past participle (have been served) Past Perfect: had + been + past participle (had been served) Future Simple: will + be + past participle (will be served) Future Perfect: will + have + been + past participle (will have been served)
Examples:
- Must serve / must be served.
- Have served / Must have been served.
- Has to serve / Have to be served.
- Is going to serve / Are going to be served.
Passive Voice and Relative Clauses: Combined Examples
- Our town had the logo designed.
- It is believed that…
- Old maps of the city are displayed by the library.
- A bigger car park should be built.
- Free food was given to the homeless.
- The municipality does not pay for the…
- The flu is known to be…
- My parents got my eyes examined.
- Is this the patient for whom…?
- Years ago, when I was in school…
- Sorry, but we ran out of time.
- In my opinion, her problems are not a laughing matter.
Rephrasing with Passive Voice
- The city was affected by…
- The new development is a building project that was approved.
- The street was closed.
- Al is believed to have designed…
- It is believed that…
- Renting properties as Airbnbs will be banned.
- It is said that…
- Protesters are said to be…
Rephrasing Sentences
- There is a risk of the roof collapsing.
- I don’t have much knowledge of our town.
- Residents do not have access to this…
- I don’t know the solution to this problem.
- What was the reason for canceling?
- The medicine had no effect on me at all.
- There is no need for…