Visual Representation Systems and Formal Sciences
Subjective System of Representation
That is, the author of the image makes it their way.
System-Performance Objective
That is, the author of the image follows rules.
Format-Paper
- A4 210 x 297 mm
- A3 420 x 594 mm
- A2 840 x 1188 mm
- A1 1680 x 2376 mm
- A0 3360 x 4752 mm
Airlines-Standard
In each type of technical drawing, lines have a different meaning. Their use depends on the correct interpretation of the plans.
- The limitation: The system will indicate the specific measure of an object.
- Lines of altitude: Lines parallel to the dimension that is being measured. The first line of level must have a minimum separation of 1 cm from the dimension that is being measured.
- Level or number: The number that corresponds to the measurement of the bounded object. It is above and in the center of the level line.
Types of Scales
- Scale: A scale is when the magnitudes of the drawing and the real object are the same. E 1 / 1
- Scale enlargement: It is used to represent small objects (the machinery of a clock, as shown in the image). The scale of enlargement is indicated by a fraction that has a numerator greater than the denominator. E = 7 / 2, E = 3 / 1
- Scale reduction: It is used to graphically represent large dimension objects (buildings, furniture, etc.) that need to be reduced in the drawing. This scale is indicated by a fraction that has a numerator smaller than the denominator. E = 2 / 5, E = 1 / 3
The dihedral system is a representation system of geometric elements of space on a plane, that is, the reduction of the three dimensions of space into two dimensions of the plane, using an orthogonal projection on two planes that intersect perpendicularly. To generate the dihedral views, one plane is rotated on the second.
It is a graphical representation method to obtain an image of an object (in plan and elevation) through the projection beam in two perpendicular principal planes of projection, horizontal (HP) and vertical (PV). The object is represented by its front view (projection in the vertical plane) and its top view (projection in the horizontal plane). It can also represent the lateral view as a projection helper.
Axiomatic System
An axiomatic system is a mathematical artifice consisting of symbols that bind together to form chains which, in turn, can be manipulated according to rules to produce other strings. Thus, the formal system is capable of representing some aspect of reality.
In the formal sciences of logic and mathematics, as well as other related disciplines such as computer science, information theory, and statistics, a formal system is a formal grammar used for modeling different purposes. We call formalization the act of creating a formal system, and it is an action with which we intend to capture the essence of abstract and specific characteristics of the real world, a conceptual model expressed in a given formal language.
Elements of a Visual Message
A visual message is a transmitter that emits an image and an observer that receives it. Although an image is seen in a while, it is not fully understood nor is it captured with the same immediacy. A visual message is a complex product that can be distinguished according to the related items:
a) Significant: The set of elements present in a given image. The significant of an image is easy to describe: it is a carefully observed image, inventory visual elements that are used, and explain how they are organized.
b) Meaning: The set of ideas, thoughts, emotions, and feelings that the viewer perceives from the work. The meaning, therefore, depends on the characteristics of the image containing the message visually.
c) Iconicity: Refers to the degree of similarity between the image and its model or what it represents. When an image is very similar to what we want to represent, we say it is a mimetic image. But when an image does not resemble at all what you want to represent, we say it is an icon.
d) Complexity: Can be simple or complex, it is provoked by the quantity of elements that form it, the degree of order or disorder will have the ease or difficulty to read them.
e) Standardization: The image may follow specific rules or codes.
f) Historicity: Refers to the documentary value that an image can have.
g) Aesthetics: They look to affect the sensitivity of the viewer or the public, that is, the portion of an image that does not relate exactly to what is said or seen, but to the sensations transmitted, refers to an ideal of beauty obviously determined by the social group and culture to which it belongs.
h) Training: Some images are known to many people, this happens with signs.